bio chem lecture 19

Class Interactions

• Conversation about an individual frequently at the computer during class.

  • Discussion whether he is a proctor or another type of professional.

  • Clarification that the individual is indeed a class member but assists with technology.

  • Observation that the person is friendly and helpful.

Lab Report Discussion

• Inquiry about the completion of an upcoming lab report (due tomorrow).

  • Report's weight in grading: 15%.

  • Uncertainty about requirements: whether formal or informal report.

    • Confirmed it is a formal report that needs specific sections (introduction, results, discussion).

  • Recording current status: introductory section not fully developed, with plans to elaborate on it.

Reflective Historical Context

• Mention of a historical figure found dead in a laboratory, controversial discussions about the cause (suicide vs accidental poisoning).

  • Reference to their genius and contributions, highlighting the relevance of understanding past scientific concepts.

Concept of Electric Potential

• Definition of potential: energy per unit mass (gravitational) or energy per unit charge (electric).

  • Electric potential expressed as joules per coulomb, known as voltage (1 volt = 1 joule/coulomb).

  • Explanation of spontaneous vs non-spontaneous reactions in electrochemistry.

    • Creation of hydrogen and oxygen from water requires electric current (electrolysis).

    • Galvanic cell: converts spontaneous reactions into electric energy.

Faraday’s Constant

• Definition and significance: 6.022 x 10²³ particles per mole (Avogadro's Number).

• Mention of a significant numerical relationship when combined with other factors in electrochemical reactions.

Sun's Electric Charge

• Discussion of the sun's net positive charge due to extreme heat and radiation pressure.

  • Comparison of the sun's size and electric charge to Earth.

Important Concepts in Chemistry

• Distinction between electric potential (energy per charge) and force (mass x acceleration).

• Understanding equilibria and how connecting a wire can disrupt equilibrium in a chemical context.

• Recognition of the best electron acceptors in a chemical reaction.

Additional Points on Electrochemistry

• Mention of pH levels and their biological significance, especially pH 7 being crucial for biological processes.

• Explanation that in an electrical circuit, current flows one way while electrons move in the opposite direction.