The Revolutionary War The Revolutionary War was America’s war for independence from England. England had many advantages in this war, including ___navy__________and____money__________. The Americans did have the advantage of fighting for ___a purpose and a cause_________, help from_____france___________. With these advantages, and the use of __America guerilla tactics, and a lot of heart the Americans amazingly won the war, and their independence! 9 | A New Central Government The first constitution of the United States was called Articles of Confederation____________________________. It provided a very ___weak__________ central government. Most of the power went to the ___states_________________. This was done because _______ they didn’t___want to make the central government powerful again because of the revolutionary war they fought against the strong central government that was England and they didn't want to replicate it so they gave it to the states. 10 |
A Troubled Government The weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation created serious problems. 1.The American economy was in terrible shape because states printed money like crazy caused by inflation. 2.The US could not form a national army because it was dependent on the states to provide soldiers and funds 3. _______Shays’ Rebellion_________________- Farmers in Massachusetts went into rebellion and the central government could not raise an army to put down the rebellion. This event ___alarmed______________ Americans!! 12 | |
The US Constitution Everyone understood the new central government must have the power to be able to tax___________ and have authority over the states_. To prevent the abuse of power they created seperation of powers_. Legislative Branch - Congress- writes laws______________________ Executive Branch - President-enforces laws_______________________ Judicial Branch - ___Federal Courts/ Supreme Court- interprets laws_. Their powers overlapped in a system of _____Checks and Balances .14 | |
The US Constitution Another way to prevent the abuse of power is called federalism- dividing power between federal_(national government_____________ and the state_________ Governments. Examples – Only states can establish school, marriage laws Only the Federal gov’ts can declare war, print money But both can power to tax, establish courts. 15 | Ratification Ratified - to pass something that is higher than a law_____________________________ Federalists- ___support ratification fo strong new government____________________________ ____Antifederalist_____________- Were against the new constitution. The purpose of the Federalist papers was to write a series of articles to convince people to support the new constitution. 16 |
The Bill of Rights The first ___10 amendments________________________ to the US Constitution is the Bill of rights__ It protects _______freedom of speech. Religion, jury trials, state rights, etc..____________________________________________________________________ However, it was also a compromise_____ between Federalists and the Anti-federalists. Some of the rights it guarantees are freedom of speech________________________, _____freedom of your_religion__________________, ____jury trials__________________________, ____state rights_______________________, and ___right to bear arms__17 | |
President Washington One of the first things Washington does is choose his advisors, or cabinet__________________________. Secretary of Treasury $ - _______Alexander Hamilton_____________ Secretary of State - _____Thomas Jefferson___________________. In his Farewell address Washington warns the nation of the dangers of ___political parties__________________ and _________alliances__________________________ 3 | Hamilton vs. Jefferson Federalists Democratic Republicans Leader: Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson Strong state government Strong, active federal government Promote agriculture Government ruled by wealthy and educated Strict interpretation of constitution _Promote manufacturing low tariffs
Use of protective tariffs_ loose interpretation of the constitution 4 |
The Bank of the United States One of the biggest fights between Hamilton__________________ and _________Jefferson__________ dealt with the bank of the US. Hamilton wanted the bank because he wanted to use the necessary and proper clause of the constitution ____________________________________________________. Jefferson opposed it because nowhere in the constitution does it specifically allow congress to create a bank, which set a bad precedent_____________________________________________________. This is, in part, a disagreement over which part of the US Constitution? ____Necessary and Proper clause_____________________. 5 | |
President Jefferson This was the first transfer of power between parties. The gov’t passed a big test because the transfer was ____peaceful________________________. Jefferson believed in limited government, so he ____reduced government spending________________ and cut costs_____________ He doubled the size of the US by buying the ____Lousiana__Purchase________________ from France__________6 | Marbury v. Madison This case established the power of judicial___________ ____review______________. Now the Supreme Court had the power to review the___constitutionality of laws_______________ of laws. If a law violates the Constitution they can strike it down by declaring it unconstitutional_______________. Chief Justice John Marshall______________________was key to this decision. It made the Judicial branch _____more powerful, independent branch of gov’t_______________! 8 |
President Madison: War of 1812 Cause of war - ____British impressment_______________ -kidnapping of American sailors by England When we won this war, it created feelings of patriotism and national pride(nationalism)_________________ among Americans. Another result – during the war we could not rely on England for _______trade_____________________. Therefore it forced the US to _____manufacture____________ more quickly. 9 | President Monroe: Economic Nationalism Nationalism - ____pride and strength in the nation__( the attitude that your nation is your focus, it is a priority)_______________________ Americans wanted to … Set up a new __national bank to regulate economy New protective tariffs_______________ to protect American businesses Building roads____________ and canals____________ which helped to grow___________ the country. 10 |
Chief Justice John Marshall: Judicial Nationalism John Marshall’s decisions strengthened_____________ the federal government over the ___states______________. McCulloch v. Maryland – Interpreted the ”Necessary and Proper “________________________clause to give the federal government powers _______not specifically prohibited in the Constitution. It also stated the Federal government is supreme_______________________to the states. States can’t ___block or interfere_____________________ with the federal government exercising its powers. 11 |
The Monroe Doctrine: Diplomatic Nationalism Spain was losing control of its _____Latin American_________________________ colonies. They were setting up revolutions and creating democracies______________________________________. Monroe wanted to protect these young democracies from ____European____________________ re-colonization. In his State of the Union Address he said to Europe : “Stay out of Latin America! If you mess with them, you mess with us.” The US was beginning to flex its muscles. We will use our power to ___influence__________________ events in Latin America to protect our ___interests______________________________. 12 |
Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution – A time (1800’s) when America’s ability to produce goods increased dramatically. These changes occurred mostly in the Northeast___________________ part of the country. These changes started in the textile, or ___spinning and textile__(cloth_fabric |
By world history standards American slavery was very brutal and cruel__. Slaves were considered __legal_property__of their owner__________and had no ___rights_________________. After the _______Civil war__________ the northern states _____ended_______________slavery. 2 | Regionalism The US could be divided into 3 separate regions. The North was characterized by ____industry___________, ___urbanization______________ and ___diverse economy________________. The South was agricultural____________. They relied on slavery because they needed labor for their plantations to grow crops like cotton and tobacco. The West was experiencing a lot of migration________. 3 |