AP Psychology Premium Notes

2025 AP Psychology Premium - Barron's Test Prep

  • New 2025 AP Psychology exam preparation.

  • Includes 3 full-length practice tests and online practice.

  • Comprehensive review for all exam topics with expert tips.

  • Authors: Allyson J. Weseley, Ed.D., and Robert McEntarffer, Ph.D.

Start Here - Access Prep Online

  • Access included practice by scanning or visiting online.barronsbooks.com.

About the Authors

  • Rob McEntarffer:

    • Taught AP Psychology (13 years) and Psychology at Nebraska Wesleyan University (7 years).

    • Extensive experience scoring AP Psychology free-response questions (Reader, Table Leader, Question Leader).

    • Past chair of Teachers of Psychology in Secondary Schools (TOPS).

    • Involved in writing assessment materials for psychology textbooks.

    • Assessment specialist for his school district.

  • Allyson Weseley:

    • Taught AP Psychology and ran a Behavioral Science Research Program at Roslyn High School (25+ years).

    • High AP exam success rate; 100% passing, and 80+% earning 5s.

    • Served as Reader and Table Leader for the AP Psychology exam.

    • Published psychology-related activities and led teacher workshops.

    • Served on the board of Teachers of Psychology in Secondary Schools.

Table of Contents Overview

UNIT 0: SCIENCE PRACTICES

  • History of Psychology

    • Psychological Perspectives Summary

  • Research Methods Overview

    • Hypotheses and Variables

    • Validity and Reliability

    • Experimental Method

    • Correlational Method

    • Naturalistic Observation

    • Qualitative Methods

  • Statistics Overview

    • Descriptive Statistics

    • Correlations

    • Inferential Statistics

  • APA Ethical Guidelines

UNIT 1: BIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

  • Biological Bases of Behavior Overview

    • Genetics

    • Neuroanatomy

    • Nervous System

    • Endocrine System

    • The Brain

  • States of Consciousness Overview

    • Levels of Consciousness

    • Drugs

    • Sleep

    • Dreams

  • Sensation Overview

    • Energy Senses

    • Chemical Senses

    • Body Position Senses

    • Unit 1 Multiple-Choice Questions

    • Answer Explantions

UNIT 2: COGNITION

  • Perception Overview

    • Thresholds

    • Perceptual Theories

    • Principles of Visual Perception

    • Effects of Culture on Perception

    • Extrasensory Perception

  • Thinking and Creativity Overview

    • Describing Thought

    • Problem-Solving

    • Creativity

  • Memory Overview

    • Three-Box/Information-Processing Model

    • Sensory Memory

    • Short-Term and Working Memory

    • Long-Term Memory

    • Levels of Processing Model

    • Encoding Memories

    • Storing Memories

    • Retrieval

    • Constructive Memory

    • Forgetting

  • Testing and Individual Differences

    • Overview

    • Standardization and Norms

    • Reliability and Validity

    • Types of Tests

    • Theories of Intelligence

    • Intelligence Tests

    • Nature vs. Nurture: Intelligence

    • Unit 2 Multiple-Choice Questions

    • Answer Explanations

UNIT 3: DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING

  • Developmental Psychology

    • Overview

    • Developmental Psychology Research Methods

    • Prenatal Influences

    • Motor/Sensory Development

    • Gender and Development

    • Stage Theories

    • Cognitive Development

    • Language

    • Parenting

  • Learning Overview

    • Classical Conditioning

    • Operant Conditioning

    • Cognitive Learning

    • Unit 3 Multiple-Choice Questions

    • Answer Explanations

UNIT 4: SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, PERSONALITY, MOTIVATION, AND EMOTION

  • Social Psychology Overview

    • Attribution Theory

    • Attitude Formation and Change

    • Compliance Strategies

    • Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

    • Aggression and Antisocial Behavior

    • Prosocial Behavior

    • Attraction

    • The Psychology of Social Situations

    • Group Dynamics

  • Personality Overview

    • Psychodynamic Theories of Personality

    • Humanistic Theories of Personality

    • Trait Theories

    • Social Cognitive Theories

  • Motivation and Emotion Overview

    • Theories of Motivation

    • Hunger Motivation

    • Sexual Motivation

    • Social Motivation

    • Theories About Emotion

    • Nonverbal Expressions of Emotion

    • Unit 4 Multiple-Choice Questions

    • Answer Explanations

UNIT 5: MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH

  • Health Psychology Overview

    • Stress

    • Positive Psychology

  • Psychological Disorders Overview

    • Defining Psychological Disorders

    • Categories of Disorders

    • The Advantages and Disadvantages of Diagnostic Labels

  • Treatment of Psychological Disorders

    • Overview

    • Types of Therapy

    • Kinds of Therapists

    • Unit 5 Multiple-Choice Questions

    • Answer Explanations

  • Multiple-Choice Test-Taking Tips

    • Overview

    • Test-Taking Strategies

    • Skills

  • Answering Free-Response Questions

    • Overview

    • Article Analysis Question (AAQ)

    • Evidence-Based Question (EBQ)

  • PRACTICE TESTS

    • Practice Test 1: Answer Explanations

    • Practice Test 2: Answer Explanations

How to Use This Book

  • Aligned with the 2024 AP Psychology curriculum changes.

  • Revised review content structure based on the new 5-unit organization.

  • Features include:

    • Revised "AP Psychology Course and Exam Description" and "Overview of the AP Psychology Exam"

    • Unit 0 addressing Science Practices.

    • Vocabulary terms in bold aligned with the College Board's Course Exam Description (CED).

    • Science Practice Skill 2 (Research Methods) and Science Practice Skill 3 (Data Analysis) multiple-choice items with each chapter.

    • Multiple-Choice Questions:

      • Includes 75 multiple-choice items reflecting the new exam format focusing on application and data analysis.

      • Multiple-Choice Test-Taking Tips chapter revised.

  • Free-Response Questions (FRQs):

    • A chapter explaining the new FRQs format with examples.

  • Practice Exam:

    • Contains a complete practice test approximating future exams.

Barron's Essential 5

  • 5 Key Concepts for AP Psychology Success:

    1. Psychology is a science: Researchers use the scientific method for data and hypothesis testing, not intuition.

      • Unit 0 details data gathering and hypothesis testing.

    2. Know psychological perspectives: Different perspectives employ unique research methods, concepts, and vocabulary.

      • Introduced in Unit 0, covers personality, disorders, and treatments.

    3. Know terms: Psychological terms have specific meanings.

      • Example: Antisocial personality disorder is not shyness.

      • Learning includes classical and operant conditioning (Unit 3).

    4. Application is key: Apply concepts to scenarios; connect different ideas.

      • Focus is on knowledge and application, not creative writing.

    5. Improve study habits: Use cognition knowledge (Unit 2).

      • Memory research: Distributed practice is better than cramming.

      • Use chunking, mnemonic devices, and context cues.

      • Information-processing model: Focus on meaning, context, and application.

      • Testing effect (retrieval practice): Interrupt studying with tests.

AP Psychology Course and Exam Description Changes

  • Unit 0: Science Practices (research methods, data interpretation, scientific argumentation).

  • Unit 1: Biological Bases of Behavior (heredity/environment, nervous system, neurons, brain, sleep, sensation) - 15–25% of the exam.

  • Unit 2: Cognition (perception, thinking/problem solving, memory, intelligence) - 15–25% of the exam.

  • Unit 3: Development and Learning (themes, methods, physical/cognitive/social-emotional development, conditioning) - 15–25% of the exam.

  • Unit 4: Social Psychology and Personality (attribution theory, person perception, personality theories, motivation, emotion) - 15–25% of the exam.

  • Unit 5: Mental and Physical Health (health, positive psychology, categorization and treatment of disorders) - 15–25% of the exam.

  • Emphasis: Information for exam success, important foundational concepts, and highlighted tips.

  • Terms: Definitions included in the College Board’s AP Psychology Course and Exam Description are set in bold in the text, with all terms also appearing in the index.

Science Practices Skills

  • Science Practices Starting with the 2025 AP Psychology test, the College Board began keying multiple-choice items to one of three science practices in addition to the content area appropriate for that question.

    • Science Practice 1: Concept Application

      • USE the concepts, theories, terms, perspectives, and other ideas in the AP Psychology curriculum. All multiple-choice and free-response questions on the exam will require you to USE your knowledge rather than just recall it.

      • About 65% of the multiple-choice items on the test (about 49 of the 75 items) will be keyed as concept application items in addition to being keyed to one of the five content units.

    • Science Practice 2: Research Methods and Design

      • understanding of how psychological researchers design research studies. In this book, we call this content Unit 0, “Science Practices.”

      • About 25% of the multiple-choice items on the test (about 18 of the 75 items) will be keyed as research methods items in addition to being keyed to one of the five content units.

    • Science Practice 3: Data Interpretation

      • ability to analyze quantitative data. basic statistical techniques researchers use in psychology

      • About 10% of the multiple-choice items on the test (7 or 8 of the 75 items) will be keyed as data interpretation items, in addition to.