Daily Talks: Telling the Time and Days of the Week Study Notes

Course Overview and Introduction

• Instructor: Teacher Jana Brito (@janabritopro).
• Course Title: Daily Talks.
• Level: Básico 1.
• Lesson: Aula 4 - Telling the Time.
• Primary Objective: Learning how to talk about time and the days of the week in English.

Memorization Challenges and Quotes

• Reflective Prompt 1: "Time is going by so much faster than I…"
• Comparison Quote: "You make the sun shine brighter than Doris Day."
• Family Metaphor (Nicole M. O'Neil): "A family is like a circle. The connection never ends, and even if at times it breaks, in time it always mends."

Review of Previous Material

• More Greetings:
  • Good Morning!
  • Good Afternoon!
  • Good Evening!
  • Good Night!
• Topic Review: The lesson references previous topics including "My Family" and "Daily Routine."

Anatomy of the Analog Clock

• The Hour Hand: The shorter hand that indicates the current hour.
• The Minute Hand: The longer hand that indicates the minutes past or to the hour.
• The Clock Face: Numbers are arranged from $1$ to $12$.

Rules for Telling Time

• O'clock: When the minute hand is pointing exactly at $12$, it signifies a full hour.
  • Example: If the hour hand is on $9$ and the minute hand is on $12$, the time is "nine o'clock" ($9:00$).
• Past: When the minute hand is on the right side of the clock (minutes $1$ through $30$), the term "past" is used to indicate how many minutes have elapsed since the hour started.
  • Quarter Past: Used when the minute hand is at the $15$-minute mark ($3$ on the clock). You can say "it's a quarter past…" or "it's fifteen past…"
  • Half Past: Used when the minute hand is at the $30$-minute mark ($6$ on the clock). This indicates thirty minutes have passed.
• To: When the minute hand is on the left side of the clock (minutes $31$ through $59$), the term "to" is used to indicate how many minutes remain before the next hour.
  • Quarter To: Used when the minute hand is at the $45$-minute mark ($9$ on the clock). This indicates there are $15$ minutes remaining until the next hour.
  • Twenty To: Used when the minute hand is at the $40$-minute mark ($8$ on the clock).

Practical Time Examples

• Example 1: Half Past
  • Digital Time: $2:30$
  • Expression: "It's half past two."
• Example 2: Quarter To
  • Digital Time: $5:45$
  • Expression: "It's a quarter to six."
• Example 3: Minutes To
  • Digital Time: $6:50$
  • Expression: "It's ten to seven."

Summary Chart of Time Intervals

• $:00$ = O'Clock
• $:05$ = Five past
• $:10$ = Ten past
• $:15$ = Quarter past
• $:20$ = Twenty past
• $:25$ = Twenty-five past
• $:30$ = Half past
• $:35$ = Twenty-five to
• $:40$ = Twenty to
• $:45$ = Quarter to
• $:50$ = Ten to
• $:55$ = Five to

Days of the Week

• Monday
• Tuesday
• Wednesday
• Thursday
• Friday
• Saturday
• Sunday

Cultural Connections and Multimedia

• Music/Video Reference: "Never gonna be alone."
• Film Reference: About Time (2013) starring Rachel McAdams – used to illustrate concepts of time and life moments.

Homework and Practice

• Exercise 1: Review all songs introduced in the course so far.
• Exercise 2: Write your weekly routine in English, including specific times for at least $7$ different activities.
• Exercise 3: Share your routine with the class/teachers.
• Exercise 4: Commit to watching $15$ minutes of English-language films or listening to English podcasts every day.