Modern Art and Artist

REALISM

GUSTAVE COURBET

  • He is a French artist pioneered the emergence of Realism in the middle of the 19th century.
  • He rebelled against Romanticism and focused his attention to depicting everyday events.
  • He used realism to support the cause of the peasants and country folks.
  • The Stone Breakers

FABIAN DELA ROSA

  • He is the counterpart of Gustave Courbet in the Philippines.
  • He is well-known for his realistic genre paintings, portraits, as well as landscapes in passive colors.
  • In the Rice Field

IMPRESSIONISM

Mary Cassatt

  • She is an American painter that was more recognizable Impressionist in the late 19th century.
  • Her favorite subjects were domestic scenes featuring women, especially the intimacy between mothers and children.
  • Young Mother Sewing
  • In the Philippines, Impressionism had a huge influence on Filipino artists, including Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo and Juan Luna. These two artists mastered the use of light in their paintings.
  • Amorsolo, show his mastery of lights and color in his rural landscapes.
  • La Marina “Marina comes home” by Hidalgo
  • Spoliarium by Juan Luna

POST-IMPRESSIONISM

Paul Cezanne

  • He is French Post-Impressionism painter whose portrayals of the natural world.
  • The Bay of Marseille
  • Post-Impressionism elements and principles became famous in the work of modern Filipino artist, especially those who formed the group called Thirteen Moderns.
  • The Thirteen Moderns included Botong Francisco, Galo Ocampo, Lorenzo, Vicente Manansala, HR Ocampo, Anita Magsaysay-Ho, Cesar Legaspi, Demetrio Diego, Ricarte Purugganan, Jose Pardo, Bonifacio Cristobal and Arsenio Capili.
  • Victorio Edades was interested in the works of Cezanne.
  • The influence of Cezanne to Edades can be seen in his artwork “The Sketch”, also known as “The Artist and His Model”

EXPRESSIONISM

Edvard Munch

  • He was a Norwegian painter
  • He was a productive but somewhat eternally troubled artist.
  • He preoccupied himself with matters such as mortality, illness, and religious aspiration.
  • Munch’s used intense colors, almost abstract imagery, and cryptic subject matter.
  • In 1970s, the expressionist style became popular among many Filipino artist, including Danilo Danela, Onib Olmedo, and Ang Kiukok.
  • They distorted figures in their works to express the intense emotions in the country.
  • Dalena used “jai alai” to symbolize factors that shape humanity. (Jai Alai Series)
  • Olmedo was known for his expressive and emaciated faces of the tormented modern art. (The Boxer)
  • Ang Kiukok is identified for his angular figures that are depressed, suffering, or in burning rage. (Thinker)

ART NOUVEAU

ANTONI GAUDI

  • He was a leading artist in Art Nouveau movement.
  • The Casa Mila, Palau Guell, Casa Vicens, Church of Colonia Guell, Casa Batllo, and Sagrada Familia all of these are some of the extraordinary artistic contributions to architecture and construction technology of Gaudi.
  • The influence of Art Nouveau on Philippine art was seen primarily in architecture and interior design.
  • Manila’s Uy Chaco Building and El Hogar Filipino Building, both built in 1914, are known for their Art Nouveau style.
  • Ramon Irureta-Goyena and Francisco Perez-Munoz are the designers of those architecture, and they are very famous for designing the staircase with bronze griffin for the posts.

FAUVISM

Henri Matisse

  • He is the best colorist of the 20th century.
  • Color was his foundation for his ornate, expressive, and sometimes, massive paintings.
  • Nude body, still life, and North Africa are his favorite subject in his artworks.
  • He used bright colors autonomously without reference to the real color of objects.
  • Antonio Austria, Norma Belleza are the Filipino Fauvism artist in the 1970s.
  • In the late 1980s works of Francesca Enriquez aldo exhibit Fauvist style but in a more abstract vein.

CUBISM

Pablo Picasso

  • Picasso is the most prolifically imaginative and versatile painter in the 20th century.
  • Picasso known for Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon (1907), Guernica (1937), and The Weeping Woman (1937)
  • In the Philippines, Vicente Manansala, Hernando R. Ocampo, and Anita Magsaysay-Ho were influenced by the cubism art movement.
  • Manansala developed his own transparent cubism, bringing out the tone-hue interplay. (Mother and child)

FUTURISM

Giacomo Balla

  • Italian painter that was one of the founding members of the Futurist movement in art.
  • He emphasized the speed, technology, and modernity.
  • Balla composed a series of works that conveyed the impression of velocity or motion using planes of color.
  • In the Philippines, this movement became evident in Art deco.
  • The lean columns, the stable ledges, the iconic chrome and glass, and the strip windows of the Jai-Alai building (demolished in 2000) these are some of the examples of Art deco architecture with movement of futurism.