Abaied & Perry
Objectives of the Study
Investigate how White American parents socialize their children regarding race.
Explore contradictions in racial ideologies held by White parents.
Analyze reasons for the presence or absence of discussions about race-related current events (e.g. Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown).
Methodology
Sample: 165 White parents (children age 8-12, M-age = 36.67).
Data Collection: Open-ended responses analyzed qualitatively to identify themes regarding racial discussions.
Results
Racial Ideologies Endorsed by Parents
Evidence of both color-blind and color-conscious ideologies.
37% of parents expressed a mix of different ideologies.
Majority avoided discussing race-related events, citing negativity or perceived unwarranted nature of discussions.
Color-Blind vs. Color-Conscious Ideologies
Color-blind ideology typically denies the importance of race; often leads to indifference regarding racial inequalities.
Consequences: Minimizes awareness of racism, legitimizes systems of oppression, impedes progress toward racial equality.
Trends: Increasing racial harassment and hate crimes prompt urgent need for addressing color-blindness in youth.
Color-conscious ideology acknowledges racial inequality and promotes diversity.
Encourages recognition of racism, advocates for racial equality.
More prevalent in progressive family discussions, even if sometimes vague.
Communication of Contradictory Messages
Many parents express mixed messages, simultaneously advocating color-blindness and color-consciousness.
Possible reasons include:
Avoidance of overt racial discussions to appear non-racist.
Strategic color-blindness may inadvertently reinforce prevailing racial narratives.
Parent-Child Discussions of Race-Related Current Events
Only 37% of parents discussed current racial events with children.
Barriers include:
Shielding: Parents feel discussions are too adult or negative for children.
Passive Approach: Parents wait for children to bring the topic up.
Perceived Unnecessity: Some don’t view discussions as relevant or valuable.
Conclusion
White parents hold potential to teach children about racial injustices but often default to reinforcing color-blind ideologies.
Many parents avoid talking about pressing racial issues, which may prevent children from understanding systemic racism.
Mixed messages can confuse children, indicating a need for improved, direct discussions about race and racism in family settings.
Implications for Future Research and Practice
Increased focus on how to engage White parents in meaningful discussions about race-related issues.
Development of evidence-based programs aimed to enhance parental understanding and communication concerning racial issues.