HomeChapter 15 Study Guide – Communication 1. Types of Communication Downward: Boss → Employee Example: Manager shows a worker how to do a task. Upward: Employee → Boss Example: Giving feedback to the manager. Horizontal: Same-level employees talk to each other. Formal: Official communication like emails, reports, meetings. Informal (Grapevine): Gossip or rumors, doesn’t follow chain of command. 2. Media Richness Rich media: Face-to-face, video calls → best for tricky problems. Lean media: Email, memos → best for simple, routine info. 3. Listening Skills Good listeners paraphrase what the speaker says. Focus on the speaker, not your own thoughts. Don’t just listen to people you agree with. 4. Efficient vs Effective Efficient: Sender-focused – message sent clearly and quickly. Effective: Receiver-focused – message is understood. 5. Nondefensive Communication Encourages openness, avoids judgment. Bad example: “You should work harder so people like you.” 6. Privacy & Digital Risks Identity theft is a privacy violation online. 7. Jargon vs Grapevine Jargon: Special work language. Grapevine: Informal gossip network

Chapter 15 Study Guide – Communication 1. Types of Communication Downward: Boss → Employee Example: Manager shows a worker how to do a task. Upward: Employee → Boss Example: Giving feedback to the manager. Horizontal: Same-level employees talk to each other. Formal: Official communication like emails, reports, meetings. Informal (Grapevine): Gossip or rumors, doesn’t follow chain of command. 2. Media Richness Rich media: Face-to-face, video calls → best for tricky problems. Lean media: Email, memos → best for simple, routine info. 3. Listening Skills Good listeners paraphrase what the speaker says. Focus on the speaker, not your own thoughts. Don’t just listen to people you agree with. 4. Efficient vs Effective Efficient: Sender-focused – message sent clearly and quickly. Effective: Receiver-focused – message is understood. 5. Nondefensive Communication Encourages openness, avoids judgment. Bad example: “You should work harder so people like you.” 6. Privacy & Digital Risks Identity theft is a privacy violation online. 7. Jargon vs Grapevine Jargon: Special work language. Grapevine: Informal gossip network

Chapter 15 Study Guide – Communication1. Types of Communication

Downward: Boss → Employee
Example: Manager shows a worker how to do a task.
Upward: Employee → Boss
Example: Giving feedback to the manager.
Horizontal: Same-level employees talk to each other.
Formal: Official communication like emails, reports, meetings.
Informal (Grapevine): Gossip or rumors, doesn’t follow chain of command.

2. Media Richness

Rich media: Face-to-face, video calls → best for tricky problems.
Lean media: Email, memos → best for simple, routine info.

3. Listening Skills

Good listeners paraphrase what the speaker says.
Focus on the speaker, not your own thoughts.
Don’t just listen to people you agree with.

4. Efficient vs Effective

Efficient: Sender-focused – message sent clearly and quickly.
Effective: Receiver-focused – message is understood.

5. Nondefensive Communication

Encourages openness, avoids judgment.
Bad example: “You should work harder so people like you.”

6. Privacy & Digital Risks

Identity theft is a privacy violation online.

7. Jargon vs Grapevine

Jargon: Special work language.
Grapevine: Informal gossip network.