IIAP Domain 1 Module 4

Learning Objectives

  • Understand and apply disability etiquette guidelines.

  • Evaluate appropriate language when referring to individuals with disabilities.

Overview of Disability Etiquette

  • A set of guidelines to respect and communicate with individuals with disabilities.

  • Focus on treating individuals with respect rather than their disabilities.

Key Examples of Disability Etiquette

  1. Put People First: Always refer to the person before the disability.

  2. Holistic Approach: Focus on the whole person rather than physical attributes.

  3. Ask Preferences: Inquire about individual needs and preferences directly from the person.

Inclusive Language

  • Sensitivity in language reinforces respect for dignity.

  • Terms evolve with awareness and inclusivity.

  • Recognize and avoid offensive and outdated terminology.

People-First Language

  • Emphasizes the individual before their disability.

  • Example phrases:

    • "A person with a disability"

    • "Someone who uses a wheelchair"

  • Aligned with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

Identity-First Language

  • Some prefer to emphasize their disability as part of their identity.

  • Use phrases like:

    • "A disabled person"

    • "A Deaf person" (capital D indicates cultural identity)

  • Always ask individuals about their preferred terminology.

Outdated and Offensive Terms to Avoid

  • "Handicapped"

  • "Invalid"

  • "Crippled"

  • "Deformed"

  • "Brave"

  • "Afflicted"

  • "Inspiring"

Interaction Guidelines

Interacting with People with Mobile Disabilities

DOs

  • Speak directly to the individual, not their assistant or service animal.

  • Offer help only with permission.

  • Treat adults as capable individuals.

  • Follow the individual’s lead in discussing their disability.

DON'Ts

  • Do not assume independent capability.

  • Avoid asking personal details without invitation.

  • Do not use their disability as a point of interaction.

Additional Interaction Guidelines

Key Interactions

  • Direct Communication: Greet the person directly and make pertinent introductions.

  • Assistance: Always ask if they want assistance before providing it.

  • Introduce Self: Clearly state who you are and who else is present.

  • Never Rush: Use common phrases like "See you tomorrow" comfortably.

Interacting with People with Hearing and Speech Disabilities

Effective Communication

DOs

  • Position clearly in view to gain attention.

  • Ask how they prefer to communicate (e.g., lip-reading).

  • Maintain normal speaking pace and facial visibility.

DON'Ts

  • Avoid shouting; speak clearly without obstruction.

  • Don't rush for responses; be patient.

Guidelines for Cognitive and Neurological Disabilities

Communication Approach
DOs

  • Use clear and direct language; give ample time for response.

  • Be supportive and calm, offer to repeat if necessary.

DON'Ts

  • Do not rush or show impatience.

  • Never restrain individuals during a seizure; check for duration.

  • Provide space and care post-seizure without unnecessary interruption.

Summary of Etiquette Do's and Don'ts

Top 10 Etiquette DOs

  • Use people-first language.

  • Respect individual preferences for identity-first language.

  • Directly communicate with the disabled person.

  • Always ask before offering help.

  • Maintain a respectful demeanor in all interactions.

Top 5 Etiquette DON'Ts

  • Avoid assuming help is desired.

  • Do not touch assistive devices without consent.

  • Steer clear of personal medical inquiries unless invited.

  • Don't pressure individuals; making mistakes is okay – just ask.