chem2 exam1 concepts

  1. Molecular solids generally have low melting points and the repeating unit in the crystal structure is the molecule; an example is ice

  2. Network covalent solids generally have high melting points and are held together by covalent bonds; an example is diamond

  3. Copper is an example of an atomic crystalline solid; it is held together by metallic bonds

  4. Dispersion forces hold nonbonding atomic solids together and generally have low melting points; an example is neon

  5. Ionic solids generally have high melting points and are held together by electrostatic interactions; an example is potassium iodide

  1. It is possible to have a solid-solid solution

  1. If two liquids are soluble in each other in all proportions, they are miscible

  2. entropy is spontaneous

  3. The triple point represents the set of conditions at which three states are equally stable and in equilibrium

  4. The critical point represents the temperature and pressure above which a supercritical fluid exists

  5. bonds are within molecules; bonds are between molecules

  6. bonds are generally stronger than intermolecular forces

  7. the strongest IMF in a pure substance is hydrogen bonding

  8. LDFs are the result of an instantaneous dipole interacting with an induced dipole

  9. Dispersion forces are present between all molecules, but are the only intermolecular force between two non-polar molecules.

  10. The strongest intermolecular force between two silicon tetrafluoride molecules is LDFs

  11. The strongest intermolecular force between two helium atoms should be dispersion forces.

  12. Solids have strong intermolecular forces relative to thermal energy.

  13. Solids can be categorized as crystalline or amorphous; amorphous solids have no long-range order.

  14. a solution in which the dissolved solute in dynamic equilibrium with the solid (undissolved) solute is a saturated solution

  15. solubility of most solids increases with increasing temperature

  16. solubility of most gases increases with decreasing temperature and increasing pressure

  17. vaporization is the process of changing from a liquid to a gas

  18. dispersion forces are present between all molecules but are the only intermolecular force between two non-polar molecules