Sir Orfeo: The Hermit's Visions and Music

  • Orfeo's Appearance and Solitude:

    • His hair and beard were described as black and "rowe" (rough), having grown unkempt to his "girdle-stede" (waist) over ten years or more.

    • He had hidden his harp, which was the source of all his "glee" (pleasure), in a hollow tree.

  • Orfeo's Harping and its Effects:

    • When the weather was clear and bright, Orfeo would retrieve his harp and play it "well right" (fittingly) according to his own will.

    • The sound of his harping would "shille" (resound) throughout the entire wood.

    • This melody had a profound effect on nature:

      • Wild beasts that were in the wood would gather "abouten him they teeth" (around him with joy).

      • All the birds present would come and sit "on each a brere" (on every briar/branch) to listen to his harping "afine" (to the end), indicating the immense melody it contained.

    • Conversely, "When he his harping lete wolde" (When he wished to leave off his harping), no beast would "abide nolde" (wish to stay) by him.

  • Visions from the Fairy World:

    • The King of Fairy's Hunt:

      • Orfeo would often see the King of Fairy "with his route" (with his company/retinue) come to hunt all around him "in the hote undertides" (in the hot mornings).

      • This company produced a great "dinne" (noise), "cry" (shouting), "blowing" (horn sounds), and had hounds barking with them.

      • However, they would "ne nome" (not take) any beast, and Orfeo "niste where they become" (never knew where they went).

    • A Great Host of Knights:

      • At other times, he would see "as a great host by him tee" (pass by him).

      • This host consisted of "ten hundred knightes" (one thousand knights), "well atourned" (well equipped), each "y-armed to his rightes" (armed appropriately).

      • They were of "countenance stout and fierce" (proud and intimidating appearance), carried "manye displayed banners" (many unfurled banners), and each "his sword ydrawe holde" (held his sword drawn).

      • Orfeo, again, "niste where they wolde" (never knew where they were going).

    • Dancing Knights and Ladies:

      • He also saw other things, such as knights and ladies coming "dancing" by.

      • They were in "quainte atire, degisely" (elegant/wonderful attire, disguised), moving with "Quainte pas and softely" (elegant and soft steps).

      • "Tabours and trumpes yede him by" (Drums and trumpets went by him), along with "all mannere minstralcy" (all kinds of minstrelsy).

    • Sixty Ladies Hawking:

      • On one particular day, he saw "Sixty ladies on horse ride" beside him.

      • They were described as "Gentle and jolif" (gentle and pretty/lively) "as bird on ris" (as a bird on a bough).

      • Significantly, there was "Not one man amongst them nis" (not one man among them).

      • Each lady "a falcon on hand beer" (carried a falcon on her hand), and they "riden on hawking by river" (rode hawking by the river).

      • They "funde well good haunt" (found plenty of good game), including "Mallards, heron, and cormorant."

      • As "The fouls of the water ariseth" (The fowls of the water arose), "The falcons them well deviseth" (The falcons pursued them well).