Different types of rocks

Igneous rock formed when melted material cool and hardens

Extrusive: obsidian, pumice

Forms : lava

Location : earths surface

Cooling rate : cools quickly

Crystal size : small or no crystals

Texture : fine grained / glassy may have bubbles


Intrusive : granite basalt

Forms : magma

Location : underground inside volcano

Cooling rate : cools slowly

Crystal size: large crystals

Texture : corse-grained



Sedimentary rock : process, weathering, erosion deposition compaction cementation

3 types of sedimentary rocks

CLASTIC

  • Forms from rock particles

  • Shale, sandstone, conglomerate


ORGANIC

  • Forms from once living organisms, plants, and animals

  • Coal, limestone


CHEMICAL

  • Forms from dissolved minerals in solutions or water that crystallizes

  • Rock salt, gypsum



METAMORPHIC ROCK- Meta equals change, morph equals form, formed by heat and pressure deep inside the Earth


NON-FOLIATED

  • changed by heat mostly the high temperature bake the rocks, but does not melt it, create non-foliated Meta mark rocks that do not have bands, caused by contacts metamorphism and intrusion or extrusions of magma that touches and changes its crystal (hornsfels,quartzite,marble,anthracite)


Foilated

  • Change by heat directed pressure caused shape change, creates foliated rocks that are banded regional metamorphism large area of rocks are deeply buried and transformed by heat and pressure for tectonic plates 8 a rock near a plate boundary gets compressed

    (genius,phyllite,slate,schist)