Child Growth Notes #1.1 (Parts of the Brain)

Over 100 Billion neurons

MIDBRAIN AND HINDBRAIN

Every Animal has a hindbrain

Does breath, heart beat, digestion,

Hindbrain has 3 parts

-Medulla

-Cerebellum

-Pons

Medulla controls:

  • Breathing

  • Waking up

  • Sleeping

  • Heart Beat

  • Digestion

  • Reflexes

Medulla is protected by throught, bones and organs of the throught, cerebellum.

-Cerebellum-

Looks like a shell

Right at the base of you spine

Two pieces fused together

Contains half of the neurons in your brain

Cerebellum Controls:

  • Motor activity

  • Maintain equilibrium

What has an affect on it:

  • Parkinsons

  • Brain Tumor

  • Drugs

  • Alchohol

  • Injury

-Pons-

Bridge to the Midbrain

Pons Controls

  • Monitors sleep

  • Triggers dreaming

  • Triggers Waking Up

  • Arousal in Nervous System

-Brainstem-

Medulla

Pons

Midbrain

-Midbrain-

Relays info from hindbrain to the forebrain and vice versa

Midbrain Controls:

  • Blinking

  • Focus

  • Reflex from sound

FOREBRAIN

  • Limbic System

-Hippocampus

-Amygdala

-Hypothalamus

-Thalamus

  • Cerebral Cortex (Cerebrum)

Forebrain not fully developed until you're 25 years old

Limbic System

Only in mammals

Hippocampus

  • Learning

  • Memory

  • Allows short term memories to become long term memories

If your hippocampus is damaged you lose the ability to make new long term memories.

Amygdala

  • Process Emotions

  • Role in Aggressive

  • Ability to distinguish one object from another

  • Helps Process Sexual Behavior

Things that trigger strong emotions are different for different people.

Amygdala learns how to process information just like you do.

If your amygdala gets damaged, its real bad.

You can distinguish objects from eachother, e.g. You might thing a chair is your crush.

You could be hyper aggressive.

You might not be able to process emotions correctly.

Hypothalamus

  • Monitor Glucose

  • Monitor Salt

  • Monitor Blood Pressure

  • Monitor Hormones

Hypothalamus talks a lot to the pituitary gland.

120/80 is a good blood pressure.

Thalmus

Sorts and relays information to the entire forebrain.

Takes in sensory information and tells the brain what to do.

Cerebral Cortex (Cerebrum)

  • Oversees conscious and unconscious activity.

80% of the space in your brain is the cerebrum.

Right hemisphere of your brain controls the left half of your body.

Left hemisphere of your brain controls the right half of your body.

The part that connects the two halfs of the cerebrum is the corpus callosum.

Frontal Lobe

Makes up 30% of your cerebral cortex.

Fully developed at 27.

Has a role in:

  • Thought

  • Memory

  • Reasoning

  • Problem solving

  • Behavior

  • Intelligence

  • Personality

  • Planning

  • Motor Control

If the frontal lobe is damaged:

  • Failure to follow directions

  • Personality change

Parietal Lobe

  • Language

  • Comprehension

  • Touch

  • Spacial Relationships

  • Sensory Information

If damaged:

  • Loses Touch

  • Loses Feeling

  • Loses Pain

Occipital Lobe

  • Visual processing

  • Color

  • Shape

  • Motion

If Occipital Lobe is damaged:

  • Blurry

Temporal Lobe

  • Hearing

  • Learning

  • Emotion

  • Hearing Comprehension

If damaged:

  • Limits ability to store information

  • Emmotional Irregularity

Corpus Callosum

  • Communicates the right and left half of the cerebelum

  • Connects cerebelum