The History and Revolution of Cell Phone Technology

Telephone

  • Comes from the Greek words:
    • tele = far
    • phone = voice
  • Definition: A telecommunication device used to transmit and receive sound over long distances.

History

  • Early developments:
    • PRS
    • OPER
    • 'Telefon sentuh' (touch-tone)
    • 'Dail telefon nada'

Revolution of Mobile Phone

  • Generations:
    • 1G
    • 2G
    • 3G
    • 4G
    • 5G
  • Related technologies:
    • IOT (Internet of Things)
    • High Speed
    • Ultra HD
    • 3D Video

0 Generation

  • Initial experiments focused on communication to/from moving vehicles.
  • 1926: First successful mobile telephony service offered on Deutsche Reichsbahn between Berlin and Hamburg to first-class passengers.
  • 1946: First calls made on a car radiotelephone in Chicago; service quickly reached capacity due to limited radio frequencies.
  • 1956: First automated mobile phone system for private vehicles launched in Sweden. The device used vacuum tube technology, had a rotary dial, and weighed 40Kg.
  • 1969: The Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) Group established, including engineers from Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Finland.

1st Generation of Mobile Phone

  • Vulnerabilities:
    • A simple radio scanner could easily intercept calls and data.
  • Issues:
    • Poor sound quality
    • Compatibility problems
    • No roaming support
  • Adoption:
    • Survived with 20 million global subscribers by 1990.

Key 1G Phone

  • April 3, 1973: Martin Cooper of Motorola made the first mobile phone call in New York using the DynaTAC 8000X.
    • Weight: 2Kg
    • Price: $4,000
    • No apps available.

1983 - Motorola DynaTAC

  • Motorola DynaTAC.

1985 – Siemens Mobiltelefon C1

  • Resembled a briefcase.
  • Siemens’ first mobile phone.
  • Designed to offer sufficient charge when away from outlets.

1987 – Mobira Cityman 900 – The Very First Nokia

  • Pricey, available to those of higher status.
  • Weight: 800g (28 oz) with battery.
  • Dimensions: 183 × 43 × 79 mm.

1988 – Samsung Releases Their First Phone

  • Displayed text, but the text size was small.
  • Monochromatic display.
  • Considered luxury goods.

1989 – The Start Of The Flip Phone Era – Motorola MicroTAC

  • Pioneered a revolutionary “flip” design.
  • Incorporated a “mouthpiece” that flipped over the keypad.

2nd Generation of Mobile Phone

  • Digital Revolution
    • Encrypted calls ensured protection.
    • Enabled sending picture and text messages easily.
    • Speed: only 9.6 kbit/s.

Key 2G Phone

  • 1991 - Orbitel TPU 900:
    • The first 2G phone.
    • Applied GSM (Global System for Mobile communication).

1992 – The first mass-produced GSM (2G) phone

  • Pioneered a revolutionary “flip” design.
  • Incorporated a “mouthpiece” that flipped over the keypad.

Text Message

  • The first text message on a mobile phone was developed by British software programmer Neil Papworth.

Smartphone Arived

  • 1994 - Smartphone Arived.

1996 - Vibrating Phones

  • Motorola StarTAC:
    • The first vibrating and clamshell designed phone.

1996 – First Phone With A Keyboard

  • The Nokia Communicator 9000, first available in 1996, included a QWERTY keyboard.
  • Features:
    • Email
    • Web browsing
    • Faxing
    • Word processing
    • Spreadsheets

1996 - Blackberry

  • Blackberry came to represent the mobile professional.

1997 – First Phone With No External Antenna

  • Comfortable phone in the hand, practical design.
  • Keyboard flaw: only numbers, no letters.
  • Messaging required an awkward menu system.

1998 – Launch of Nokia 5110

  • Mobile phones with interchangeable cases.
  • Allowed users to change the color of their phones without buying a new device.

1998 – Color Comes To Mobile Phone Screens

  • Mobile phones with interchangeable cases.
  • Allowed users to change the color of their phones without buying a new device.

3rd Generation of Mobile Phone

  • Packet Switching Revolution
    • The concept of data packets came into existence in this 3G (Third Generation)
    • Connectivity used data packets, enabling international roaming.
    • Video conferencing, video streaming, and voice over IP (like Skype) emerged in telecommunications.

Key 3G Phone

  • 1998 – 3G Network Launches
  • 1999-Motorola Timeport, the first phone with global compatibility
  • 1999-The first cell phone with a WAP browser - browse the internet was the Nokia 7110
  • 1999 – Launch of First phone + MP3 player

Features

  • 1999 – First phone ever to feature GPS capabilities
  • 1999 – First camera phone
  • 2001 – The first phone having features for IR, radio, and calendar
  • 2001 – Cell phone with Bluetooth

2001 - Symbian OS cell phones arrive

  • The Nokia 7650 was both the first Nokia phone with an integrated camera and the first mass-market Symbian OS phone.

2002 - Phones With Photo Display Function

  • 2002 was the year that technology arrived in the form of the Sanyo SCP-5300, a phone that allowed users to view images directly on the screen without connecting the device to a computer. Additionally, this ground-breaking phone had a camera with flash and two colour screens.

2005- Fully Waterproof Phone

2007 - Another Legend is Born - iPhone 1

2008 - The Android Phone Arrives

4th Generation of Mobile Phone

  • Quality Streaming Era
    • Led to quality video streaming with a speed rate of 1 gigabit/s.
    • Allowed many facilities like gaming, HD video streaming and HQ video conferencing, etc

Key 4G Phone

  • 2010 - First Samsung phone without front navigation buttons
  • 2010- First LTE (4G) smartphone
  • Motorola's Razr was the thinnest phone available at the time, with a thickness of just 7.1 mm.
  • Apple's iPhone 4S was the first smartphone to include Siri, the first personal digital speech assistant.
  • 2012 - Galaxy S3

5th Generation of Mobile Phone

  • The Internet of Things Era (IoT)

MOBILE PHONE OPERATING SYSTEM

  • Android
    • License: GNU General Public License, Apache License
  • Windows Phone
    • License: Proprietary software
  • ChromeOS
    • License: Proprietary software
  • B2G OS
    • License: Mozilla Public License
  • KaiOS
    • License: GNU General Public License
  • iOS
    • License: Proprietary software
  • Windows 10 Mobile
    • License: Proprietary software
  • webOS
    • License: GNU General Public License
  • LineageOS
    • License: MIT License
  • GrapheneOS
    • License: MIT License
  • Microsoft Windows
    • License: Proprietary software
  • Tizen
    • License: BSD licenses
  • LuneOS
    • License: GNU General Public License
  • BlackBerry 10
    • License: Proprietary software
  • CopperheadOS
  • Windows Phone 7
    • License: Proprietary software
  • Symbian
  • PalmOS
  • BlackBerry OS

POPULAR MOBILE OS 2007

  • Symbian: 60.63%
  • Other: 10.95%

A DREAM CELL PHONE'S CHARACTERISTIC

  • 'Ciri-ciri telefon bimbit idaman'