Test 2 Review

Multiple choice

• The roman emperor Constantine called the council of Nicaea in the year

  • (325)

• Charlemagne was crowned the Christian Emperor by the pope in the year

  • (800)

• The Renaissance artist who painted the Mona Lisa and the last supper was

  • (Da Vinci)

• The inventor of “moveable types” and the modern printing press was

  • (Gutenberg)

• Author of the 95 thesis in 1517 was

  • (Martin Luther)

Short Answer

• Define and discuss the significant differences between pagan religious beliefs and practices, and those of christianity and islam

  • Christians are Monotheistic therefore, they believe in a single god and exclude all other gods and Polytheistic is the belief in multiple gods

  • temples are the residence of the god, therefore priests are household servants of god

  • the gods were mirrors of the best and worst of human nature

  • monotheistic religions is only truth and anything else is wrong, missionary impulse

  • gospel: word of god

  • books like the bible and the koran

• discuss the evolving relationship between Christianity and the state from the time of the roman empire and Constantine through to Charlemagne and the later middle ages

  • was a complete one 180

    • romans persecuted christians and were against

    • then, became increasingly positive starting with constantine

    • by 390, it became the official religion

    • christians were seen by romans as uncivilized and antisocial, denying tradition and by rejecting their gods and endangering the state

    • trends in philosophy fostered belief in a single divine one

    • christian charity + community + equality

• Beginning ca 1350 europe entered an era of dynamic chamges that would forever change western culture and its relations with the world. discoyss some of the characteristic features of the Renaissance era and how they contributed to significant change

  • “new critical perspectives”

  • rebirth, 1st a social socio-economic + pop recovery after the black death (1317-1350) which had killed 35%-50% and rebounded first in the italian city states

  • new vibrant urban consumer culture (even the church celebrates art and beautification

  • proto-scientific

  • linear perspective (render a 3D image on a 2D canvas)

  • humanism (education, the impacts of the printing press and the church)