chapter four

codes of non-verbal communication

• communicate feelings and attitudes

• which is more believable

• key to successful relationships

functions of nonverbal communication

• substitute- takes the place of the verbal message

• compliment- delivered with verbal language. clarify or extend verbal. helps color expressed emotions or attitudes.

• contradict - goes against verbal. nonverbal usually more honest.

• repeat- repeats verbal. walk this way.

• regulate- traffic cop of discussion, many meetings we don’t raise hands.

• accent-verbal highlighter

• functions- don’t sweat minor differences, compliment vs repeat, how a student solved this issue

nonverbal is governed by rules

• expectancy violations model

• we have rules… expectations

• what is appropriate nonverbal

• react when rules violated

nonverbal = ambiguous

• perception checking, direct (going right to the source), indirect (observing and asking around)

codes of nonverbal communication

• appearance, artifacts: anything we do to body

  • clothing, tattoos, jewelry, pins, makeup, casts, hair

• body movements, gestures, and posture. kinesics

• eye contact- why is it important?

• facial expressions. when do we show expressions? when do we hide expressions?

• touch, perhaps the most powerful form of nonverbal communication

  • touch ethic is an individual’s own standards as to appropriate and inappropriate touch

• the voice

  • volume, rate, pitch, use of silence. paralanguage.

• environment. extension of personalities. how we act in other environments.

  • space, intimate space, personal space, social space, public space

  • territory, use of space and objects to signal ownership or occupation

  • territorial marker, things that claim area

• interpreting non verbal communication cues

  • immediacy, arousal, dominance