Social 10-1 Final Study Guide 2024
Page 1: Globalization Overview
Social, Political, and Economic Globalization
Contemporary Globalization
Increased interconnectivity
Localism vs Globalism
Social Globalization
Theme: Assimilation vs Diversity
Issues:
Access to information (internet)
Majority vs Minority cultures
Economic Globalization
Theme: Trade Liberalization & Protectionism
Promoting Free or Freer trade
Topic: Economic Spectrum
Left vs Right ideologies
Key Figures:
Adam Smith
John M Keynes
Karl Marx
Issue: US biased trade practices
Political Globalization
Government Goals:
Peace and Security
NATO's role
Economic Stability
Prioritizing wealth over other principles
Humanitarianism
Organizations involved:
Red Cross
United Nations (UN)
General Assembly
Security Council
World Health Organization (WHO)
Peacekeeping efforts
Page 2: Benefits and Challenges of Globalization
Benefits
Access to more goods and services
Enhanced interconnectivity
International/Multi-lateral response to global issues
Challenges
Developed nations benefit more than developing nations
Threat of loss of individual identity
Universalization of popular culture leading to homogenization
Influence of USA
Threats to collective identities via Western media
Marginalization of local cultures
Cultural Protection
CBC: Government-owned, promotes national identity
CRTC: Cultural Content Laws combat threats to Canadian cultural identity
Impact of Globalization on Language
Dominance of English as the language of business
Encouragement of many languages
Disappearance of some languages
Page 3: Historical Globalization
Pre-Globalization Influences
Silk Road and early trade routes
Age of Exploration and its impacts
Columbian Exchange's effect on global interactions
Old Age Imperialism
Motivated by Gold, Glory, & God
Key themes:
Mercantilism
Colonization and Paternalism
Ethnocentrism (Eurocentrism)
Effects of diseases during colonization
New Age Imperialism
Driven by economic demand for resources
Humanitarian & Religious Goals:
Concepts like "White Man's Burden" and Social Darwinism
Military and technological advancements facilitate imperial goals
Page 4: Military & Political Goals of Colonialism
Historical Policies
Transatlantic Slave Trade: Role in globalization, conditions of slavery, and Triangular Trade
Scramble for Africa: Colonization dynamics, particularly in the Belgian Congo
North American Colonization
Impact on Aboriginal and European worldviews
Understanding land ownership concepts
Doctrine of Discovery and its implications
Stages of relationships: Cooperation, Competition, Coercion
Western Colonization Effects
Confederation of 1867 and the establishment of the Trans-Canada Railway
Implementation of Numbered Treaties and the Indian Act
Policies promoting assimilation and cultural suppression:
Residential Schools
Legacies of abuse and trauma
Page 5: Legacies of Colonization and Resistance
Decolonization Movements
Concepts of Independence and Self-determination
Impact of Colonization
Rwanda: Historical crisis, Hutu and Tutsi conflicts, genocide
South Africa: Lingering effects of colonization and Apartheid
Industrial Revolution Overview
Political environment fostering innovation and industrialization
Mechanization leading to intensified imperialist goals
Page 6: Economic Ideologies and Their Impact
Individualism Principles
Right-side spectrum; foundations of the Industrial Revolution
Core principles:
Rule of Law, Individual Rights, Private Property, Economic Freedom, Self-interest, Competition
Adam Smith's Contributions
Early Capitalism concepts:
"Invisible hand," Laissez Faire, Profit Motive
Importance of competition and private ownership
Critiques of Capitalism
Exploitation and inequality challenges
Karl Marx's Communism
Rejection of capitalism, advocating for systemic equality
Page 7: Contemporary Globalization Dynamics
Modern Economic Models
Keynesian Economics: Mixed market approach, government responsibility to regulate, influenced by F.D.R.
Monetarism: Focused on limited government, led by Milton Friedman and Ronald Reagan
Economic Transition of the 1970s
Shift from Keynesianism to Monetarism due to several crises
Perspectives on Economic Globalization
Supporters argue:
Interdependence boosts global peace and wealth
Critics highlight:
Risks to nation sovereignty, exploitation, and wealth concentration
Page 8: Transnational Corporations and Global Supply Chains
Role of TNCs
Increasing global economic integration
TNCs compared to their profit focuses
Outsourcing/Offshoring
Efficiency of moving production overseas for cost savings
Global Supply Chain Dynamics
Enhanced access to resources but increased risk of disruption
Complications related to multiple jurisdictions and tax havens
Page 9: Challenges and Opportunities of Globalization
Contemporary Issues
Focus on specific recent events (e.g., War in Ukraine) to analyze political globalization aspects
Framework for Analysis:
Political, Social, Economic factors and their implications
Climate Change as a significant challenge requiring behavioral shifts
International Agreements
Challenges in adhering to and enforcing climate agreements (e.g., Kyoto Accord)
Global Poverty Stats
9.2% of the global population affected by poverty
Significant stats regarding electricity access and clean drinking water availability
Page 10: Global Citizenship and Responsibilities
Understanding Global Citizenship
Considerations of shared human responsibilities
Addressing challenges and contributing to global opportunities