7th Grade Finals Review Notes

Australia and the Pacific

  • A didgeridoo is NOT a native Australian house.
  • New Holland was claimed for the Dutch East India Company.
  • Low islands are also known as atolls.
  • Each member of the Maka'aina had a specific job learned from childhood.

French Revolution and Napoleon

  • Members of the First Estate were NOT peasants and farmers.
  • Giuseppi Garibaldi did NOT become the first king of Italy; Victor Emmanuel II did.
  • By 1809, Napoleon Bonaparte had conquered Italy, most of Spain, and the countries of Central Europe.

Industrial Revolution and Great Britain

  • Factory owners, managers, and government officials who came to Christ during the evangelical revival in Great Britain were encouraged to fulfill the biblical responsibility of helping the poor and needy by ensuring workers were treated justly.
  • Technological developments of the Industrial Revolution helped humans better obey the Creation Mandate.
  • Work was NOT easier in a factory than on a farm or in a cottage industry.

20th Century and Beyond

  • The Parliament Bill of 1911 established the supremacy of the House of Commons over the House of Lords.
  • Latin American countries often warred against each other in the 1800s.
  • Christian socialists did NOT tend to believe that all people are born sinners.
  • Darwinism was the key that opened the door to a Marxist worldview.

Colonization and Imperialism

  • European nations started a rapid colonization of Africa after the Berlin Conference.
  • The Sepoy Mutiny began due to a rumor that rifle cartridges were greased with pork or beef fat.
  • Napoleon's invasion of Egypt did NOT prove the Ottomans were superior to the French.
  • India had a court system before the British ruled.
  • The British and Indian nobles excluded the lower castes from opportunities to raise their status.
  • Mahmud II changed the style of clothes the sultan wore.

World War I and Interwar Period

  • The Treaty of Versailles did NOT reflect a better balance of justice and mercy compared to the Fourteen Points.
  • The Mensheviks were NOT the more radical faction of the Social Democratic Party in Russia; it was the Bolsheviks.
  • Literature following World War I accurately portrayed life as empty and futile.
  • The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act did NOT lead to a growth in trade that strengthened the American economy.

Science and Medicine

  • Robert Koch’s discovery of the cause of anthrax helped others understand the spread of disease.

Completion

  • The indigenous tribe called the Māori already occupied New Zealand when the Europeans came.
  • The Treaty of Waitangi gave the rights of British subjects.
  • The members of the National Assembly signed the famous Tennis Court Oath, which stated that they would not disband until a constitution was approved.
  • Nationalism is an intense devotion and loyalty to one’s own people.
  • Enlightenment ideals in France encouraged freedom, but it was not freedom tempered by Truth and responsibility.
  • Thousands of people were changed by the gospel as evangelist George Whitefield preached in England, Wales, and the American colonies.
  • The middle class separated into upper and lower parts during the Industrial Revolution.
  • Harriet Tubman and Levi Coffin were important figures in the Underground Railroad, a secret organization that helped runaway slaves.
  • In 1859, the book Origin of Species by Charles Darwin led to fundamental changes in the direction of science.
  • The Europeans built a modern Infrastructure in Africa by laying railroad track, building miles of roads, and stringing wire for telegraph and telephone communications.
  • Tribes in Africa’s interior increased trade with tribes on the coast as demand grew for Africa’s natural resources.
  • The establishment of bureaucracies to oversee the details of managing colonial governments proved helpful to African states when they gained independence.
  • European efforts to take control of the continent of Africa are described as the “Scramble for Africa.”
  • Fearing that Japan would gain control of more Chinese territory, several European nations established spheres of Influence in China.
  • The French invasion awakened the Ottoman citizens to the idea of self-rule.
  • Shintoism taught the deity of the emperor.
  • The Schlieffen Plan called for the Germans to send most of their forces through neutral Belgium and quickly surround Paris.
  • Austria-Hungary caused tensions with the people of the Balkans by annexing Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908.
  • Tanks combined firepower and protection, allowing troops to move forward in battle.
  • Planes in World War I monitored troop activities, dropped bombs, and fought each other.
  • A few days after German troops marched across the border into Poland on September 1, 1939, the Allies declared war.
  • The Anti-Comintern Pact allied Germany with Japan against communism and russia.
  • The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, brought the United States into the war.
  • Another name for June 6, 1944, when the Allies launched a massive invasion of France, is D-day.
  • The philosophy known as existentialism stressed a person’s uniqueness while encouraging free choice and accepting the consequences of that choice.

Multiple Choice

  • James Chalmers was a missionary to Papua New Guinea.
  • Australia was once called New Holland.
  • French aristocrats and nobles were members of the Second Estate.
  • The Committee of Public Safety gained absolute authority in France.
  • Charlotte Corday hoped for an end to the violence.
  • The French turned from loving Louis XVI to hating him because he was ineffective and spent lavishly.
  • Napoleon's greatest victory was the Battle of Austerlitz, where he defeated the combined armies of Austria and Russia.
  • Napoleon died in exile on St. Helena.
  • Before becoming emperor, Napoleon took over Egypt for France.
  • James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny.
  • William Lloyd Garrison edited the American abolitionist newspaper The Liberator.
  • Benjamin Disraeli's support was key to passing the Reform Act of 1867.
  • Samuel Morse patented the first known telegraph.
  • The correct order for the five Marxist stages of history is: primitive communism, feudalism, capitalism, socialism, communism.
  • Robert Moffat, a British missionary, preached the gospel in South Africa for fifty-three years.
  • Samuel Ajayi Crowther was the first African bishop in the Anglican Church.
  • The formation of modern judicial systems was NOT a negative political consequence of European colonization and imperialism in Africa.
  • Catherine the Great oppressed Russia’s peasants by legalizing the sale of serfs separately from the land.
  • Michael Bakunin believed that society should exist without government.
  • The Opium Wars involved government intervention on behalf of merchants.
  • Guangxu attempted to modernize China and develop a constitutional monarchy.
  • Albert Einstein theorized about celestial concepts, helping humans realize the vastness of the universe.
  • The Germans called their air force the Luftwaffe.
  • The Maginot Line was a series of concrete fortifications and guns on the French-German border.
  • A big difference between the Allies and Axis was that the Allies coordinated their efforts.

Matching

  • Pedro I was the emperor of an independent Brazil.
  • Jean-Paul Marat was a French Jacobin newspaper publisher.
  • Marie Antoinette was the queen of France during the French Revolution.
  • Charlotte Corday was a young French woman who was in favor of revolution but deeply troubled by the violence.
  • Gabino Gaínza gained the independence of Guatemala.
  • Simón Bolívar gained the independence of Gran Colombia.
  • José de San Martín gained the independence of Argentina.
  • C - Austrian Empire
  • F - France
  • A - Italy
  • H - Russia
  • Reformers were Government officials that passed laws to place limits on work and promote education.
  • Chartism - Workers published a list of political goals.
  • Mahmud II laid the foundation for a modern Turkey.
  • Nicholas I put down the Decembrist Revolt.
  • Alexander II was the Russian czar who abolished serfdom.
  • Emilio Aguinaldo declared himself president of the new Philippine Republic.
  • Abdulmejid I established an Ottoman parliament.
  • Dowager Cixi staged a coup against her adopted son.
  • Auschwitz - More people were killed at this camp than any other.
  • Rhineland - Hitler reoccupied this land in 1936.
  • Midway Island - The Americans learned beforehand that the Japanese planned to attack here.
  • Dunkirk - Allied troops were trapped in this place after the Germans pushed them back.
  • Nagasaki - This was the second city to be bombed with an atomic bomb.
  • Finland - The Soviet Union invaded this country in 1939.