ACC pg 1-2

What is accounting?

  • Accounting is the process of identifying, measuring, recording and communicating the economic events of an organization to interested users of the information so that decisions can be made.

Economic events

  • An economic event is a business transaction.

  • Economic events are recorded; examples include receipts, contracts, and bills/invoices.

Interested users of financial information

  • Internal users (inside the company):

    • Data analyst

    • Accountant

    • CEOs/officers/managers

    • Human Resources

    • Marketing

  • External users (outside the company):

    • Banks (loans)

    • Government (IRS)

    • Stockholders/Shareholders

    • Customers

    • Suppliers

    • Potential Employees

The accounting process as the link to decisions

  • Accounting links economic events to interested users to help make decisions.

The accounting process: steps to identify, measure, record, and communicate information

Steps in the accounting process

  • A. Identifying transactions that impact financial statements

    • Financial statements primarily include assets, liabilities, and equity.

  • B. Measuring

    • Transactions are measured in dollars: Measured in dollars\text{Measured in dollars}.

  • C. Recording

    • Recording involves maintaining a chronological list of measured events.

  • D. Communicating

    • Preparing reports

    • Analyzing/interpreting information from receipts

    • Providing information to users