TCW CHAP 2

Chapter 2: Ideological Dimension of Globalization

Page 1

  • Introduction to the ideological aspects of globalization.

Page 2: What is Ideology?

  • Definition: Coined by Destutt de Tracy in 1796, ideology refers to the "science of new ideas."

  • Purpose: Provides scholars with means to interpret the world historically.

  • Characteristics:

    • Coherent set of ideas.

    • Serves as a basis for organized political action.

    • Can be intended to preserve, modify, or overthrow existing power systems (Heywood, 2003).

Page 3: Elements of Ideology

  • Foresight or Vision of the Future:

    • Understanding current conditions allows for proposals of improvements.

    • Focus on better conditions replacing unfavorable ones.

  • Interpretation of Existing Condition:

    • Starts with analyzing present economic, social, and political arrangements.

  • Strategy for Realizing the Future:

    • Involves articulating an effective strategy to achieve an ideal society.

    • Requires intensive intellectual exercise to design workable strategies.

Page 4: Functions of Ideology

  • Evaluation:

    • Provides standards for assessing existing societal conditions.

  • Explanation:

    • Describes current social, economic, and political conditions.

  • Orientation:

    • Refers to aligning oneself with a specific group or institution.

  • Political Program:

    • Directs adherents on executing social and political platforms.

Page 5: Social Imaginary

  • Definition: A broad framework explaining communal existence among individuals.

  • Concepts:

    • How individuals relate to one another within society (Bihasa, 2020).

    • Involves imagination of social existence, expectations, and normative notions (Taylor, 2011).

Page 6: Traditional and Modern Ideologies

  • Conservatism:

    • Emphasizes importance of organizations and structures over individuals.

  • Liberalism:

    • Advocates unrestricted individual liberty among legitimate society members.

  • Socialism:

    • Centers on the working class as per Karl Marx, the force leading to post-liberal society.

  • Fascism:

    • Associated historically with dictators like Mussolini and Hitler, focused on sweeping political overhauls in Europe.

Page 7: Traditional and Modern Ideologies (Cont'd)

  • Feminism:

    • Aims for equality of women and encourages global participation.

  • Anarchism:

    • Advocates against all forms of political authority, particularly the state.

  • Environmentalism:

    • Focuses on protecting the environment from human exploitation since the Industrial Revolution.

  • Fundamentalism:

    • Thought style recognizing certain principles as critical truths with overriding authority.

Page 8: Globalism

  • Current Forms:

    • Ideologies are evolving and need periodic reassessment of developments.

  • Definition of Globalism:

    • A set of logical ideas that explain the flow of goods, information, and services in the global community.

Page 9: Six Core Claims of Globalization

  • Globalization involves:

    • Liberalization and integration of markets.

    • It is seen as inevitable and irreversible.

    • No central authority governs globalization.

    • Believed to benefit everyone involved.

    • Contributes to the spread of democracy.

    • Linked to the necessity of a war on terror.

Page 10

  • Conclusion and appreciation for the concepts discussed.