2c test

Unit 2c Test Study Guide - Kepler’s Laws, Newton’s Law, Cyclic Patterns

• I can describe how planets, moons, and satellites move in elliptical orbits around larger bodies (Kepler’s 1st law).

•  I can use Kepler’s 2nd law to explain that a planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun and slower when farther away.

• I can use Kepler’s 3rd law (T² ∝ R³) to relate the orbital period of a planet to its average distance from the Sun.

• I can predict how orbital velocity changes with distance from a star (closer = faster orbit).

• I can use Newton’s law of gravitation to explain how gravitational force (F) decreases as distance (r) increases.

• I can use Hubble’s Law and the redshift of light to predict the motion of distant galaxies

• I can explain how Newton’s laws describe the acceleration of a planet toward the Sun and how this produces observed orbits

• I am able to read and interpret the “Solar System Objects Data Table” in the Earth and Space Science Reference Tables

•  I can identify Earth’s period of rotation and revolution and explain what each motion controls 

• I am able to explain how Earth’s tilt on its axis affects seasons in the Northern and Southern hemispheres

• I can identify and name each moon phase based on its position relative to the Earth and the Sun 

• I can explain why we always see the same side of the moon

• I can identify the period of time it takes to complete a full cycle of phases (ex: Full Moon -> Full Moon)

• I can explain that the moon’s apparent diameter changes as it orbits Earth. This results in different types of eclipses, partial and total.

• I am able to identify the moon position and phase that results in:

  • Spring Tides

  • Neap Tides

  • Solar Eclipse

  • Lunar Eclipse