Chapter 6: Offender Assesment

Mini Debate:

“Assessment is the engine that drives effective interventions. – Edward Latessa” (Textbook, page 143)

What does the word effective mean?

  • Effective- the ability to produce the intended result or outcome.

What is the deeper meaning behind this quote?

  • Assessment drives all intervention decisions.

  • It determines: risk level, needs, and supervision intensity.

  • Without assessment, interventions are ineffective and can increase recidivism.

Why has this statement been made?

  • Research shows that interventions only work when they are based on accurate assessment.

  • Assessment is needed to match the right level and type of intervention to the right person.

  • Without assessment, programs are applied blindly, which wastes resources and can increase recidivism instead of reducing it.

  • Without assessment, interventions become guesswork and can increase recidivism.

Management vs. Reduction

Risk Management:

(Controls risk in the short term)

  • Focuses on determining risk level in terms of reoffending or causing harm.

    • Uses assessment tools that examine past behavior, current behavior, and relevant personal and social factors.

  • Once risk level is identified, the system provides sanctions and supervision to manage that risk.

    • Sanctions and supervision may include regular check-ins, drug testing, curfews, and closer monitoring to ensure conditions are followed.

  • Emphasizes control, compliance, and public safety during the period of supervision.

  • Main goal: Maintaining public safety and keeping behavior in check while the individual is under supervision.

Risk Reduction:

(Reduces risk in the long term)

  • Focuses on determining an individual’s risk level and identifying the criminogenic needs that contribute to criminal behavior.

    • Uses assessment tools to identify specific criminogenic needs such as substance abuse, antisocial thinking, lack of employment or education, and negative peer influences.

  • Once risk level and criminogenic needs are identified, the system uses intervention and supervision to reduce the likelihood of future offending.

    • Risk reduction still requires supervision, but supervision alone is not enough without intervention

      • Intervention and supervision may include treatment programs, cognitive behavioral interventions, counseling, education, job training, and structured supervision that supports behavior change.

  • Emphasizes changing behavior by addressing the underlying causes of criminal activity rather than simply controlling it.

  • Main Goal: Reducing future offending by changing the factors that lead individuals to commit crime.

Growth of Assessment