Intro to Mendelian Genetics
Why did Mendal use peas for his experiment?
- Reproduces quickly
- Easy to controle
- Self fertilize (self pollinate)
- cross -fertilize (mate with others)
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What are some true breeding plants?
- When plants reproduce by self pollinniation on sexual reproduction with another true breeding plant, the offspring will have the same trail
What are hybrid plants?
- Offspring of 2 different true breeding plants
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What did Mendel do?
- Controlled experiments to test how traits were inherited through the use of true-breeding and hybrid pea plants
- In his experiments, the male reproductive organs were removed to prevent self pollination
- He then crossed 2 true breeding plants that differed in only 1 of the 7 hereditary traits he tested for
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What are F1 Generation? (Filal)
- Hybrid offspring produced from crossing 2 true breeding plants
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How is the F2 Generation produced?
2 individuals of the F1 generation creates a new generation w mixed traits
This is the result of a monohybrid cross
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What is the Dominant Factor.?
- Factor is expressed in all F1 generation
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What is the Recessive factor?
- Factor that remained but was hidden in the F1 generation
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What is an Allele?
- Alternate versions of genes
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What is Homozygous?
- if both of you alleles are identical
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What is Heterozygous?
- if 2 alleles are different
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What are dominant alleles represented as?
- Dominant alleles are represented with uppercase letter
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What are recessive alleles represented as?
- Recessive alesis are represented with lowercase letters
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What is the Law of Segregation?
- Each organism carries 2 factors one from each parent for each characteristic
- Parent organisms donate 1 copy of each gene to their gametes
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What is a phenotype?
- trait of an individual that is expressed
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What is a Genotype?
- genes an individual has
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