Changing Population notes
Key Terms
Demography: The study of human populations(numbers, distribution, trends, and issues)
Emigration Rate: The number of people who leave the country to live in another country per 1000 people
Immigration rate: Number of people who have immigrated here from another country per 1000 people
Refugee: A person who migrates to another country out of fear of cruel or inhumane treatment(or death) in his or her own country
Multiculturalism: Policy started by federal government in 1970s (Pierre Trudeau)
Encourages people in Canada to identify as both Canadian and their ethnic origin Entrenched (built into) the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Constitution) Creates a national culture of tolerance
Population Density: Number of people living in a square kilometer
Population Distribution: Arrangement of high and low density areas across a larger area.Â
Population growth rate: Rate of which a population increase or decrease in a given year through natural increase and net migration
Push Factors: reason why people leave a country
Pull factor: reason why people come to a country
Intervening obstacles:discourage/prevent migration
Death rate: The number of deaths per 1000 people usually measured over time
Birth rate: The number of births per 1000 people usually measured over time
Dependency load: The percentage of a country’s population that is considerd dependent because it includes people not of working age
Ex:younger than 15 and older than 64
Net migration rate: The difference between the number of migrants entering and those leaving a country given,expressed per 1000
Double time:Number of years for population to double in size
Natural increase rate: The gap between birth and death rate
Economic immigrants:skilled workers points system, Business immigrants 🡪 establishing, buying a business or investing
Cultural diversity: is the characteristic where by there are many different people of different ethnic backgrounds represented in a country.
The rule of 70 :a way to estimate the time it takes to double a number based on its growth rate.
point system: tied to the applicant's language ability, education, work experience, and age.
Three general types of population distribution:
dispersed : (spread out), typically agricultural land (more land for farming than human dwellings)
concentrated : (close together), caused by people collecting around a natural resource or the economic activities developed from that resource
linear :(in a line), follow major transportation routes or natural boundaries (i.e. coastline)
 Population change overtime
First Wave
1800s – 1910
British Isles and Europe
Settling the West
(Eastern European)
Second Wave
After Second World
War
Italian, Hungarian,Portuguese
Third Wave
1980s – present
Asian (southeast and subcontinent)
Where do most people immigrants settle in Canada?
Ontario – 37%higher percentage of foreign-born residents
Quebec – 17%
Alberta- 13%
Easier to access services (transition) and more jobs
More tolerance, diversity and Chain migration and ethnic neighbourhoods
Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver = gateway cities
There is an increasing trend that more immigrants are moving directly to the suburbs.
Point system
throughout Canadian history, the Canadian government has been more favourable to allow some types of immigrants into the country over others.
Currently, immigration qualification is based on a points system.
Depending upon the type of immigrant a person is filing as, he/she will need to earn a certain number of points in order to be admitted.
The more points a person earns, the more valuable an immigrant he/she is (and the more likely he/she will be able to immigrate).
Canadas population density
Canada:Population:
37,000,000
Land area: 9,985,000 km2
per km2: 3.7/km2
Formulas
how to find birth rate
birth/populationx1000=birth rate
how to find death rate
deaths/populationx1000=death rate
How to find the natural increase rate
birth rate-death rate= natural increase rate
How to find immigration rate
immigration/population=immigration rate
How to find emmigration rate
emigration/populationx1000 =emmigration rate
How to find net migration rate
Immigration Rate – Emigration Rate= net migration rate
How to find population growth rate
Natural Increase Rate + Net Migration Rate=Population Growth Rate
How to find rule of 70
70/population growth rate