Spanish 2 Semester Study Guide - Colegio San Viator May 2024

Course and Exam Overview

• Subject: Espaaol 2 (Spanish 2).

• Institution: Colegio San Viator.

• Assessment: Second Semester Study Guide (Gua de estudiar para el examen del segunde semestre).

• Date: May 2024.

Grammar (I. Gramatica)

Reflexive Verbs (Los Verbos Reflexivos)

• Pronouns: Reflexive actions require the use of specific reflexive pronouns that correspond to the subject of the sentence:
      * $1^{st}$ Person Singular: me (myself)
      * $2^{nd}$ Person Singular: te (yourself)
      * $3^{rd}$ Person Singular / Formal: se (himself, herself, yourself)
      * $1^{st}$ Person Plural: nos (ourselves)
      * $2^{nd}$ Person Plural (Spain): os (yourselves)
      * $3^{rd}$ Person Plural / Formal Plural: se (themselves, yourselves)

Adjectives of Nationality (Los Adjetivos de Nacionalidad)

• This topic includes the study and memorization of various nationalities as adjectives (referenced via Quizlet).

The Preterite Tense (El Preterito)

• Regular Preterite Verbs: Conjugation of standard verbs following established patterns for -ar, -er, and -ir endings.

• Irregular Preterite Verbs with Stem Changes (Bottom 2):
      * Verbs that undergo a vowel change in the stem only in the "bottom two" positions of the conjugation chart (third-person singular and third-person plural).
      * e  i change: Examples include sentir (to feel), pedir (to ask for/order), repetir (to repeat), and vestirse (to get dressed).
      * o  u change: Examples include dormir (to sleep) and morir (to die).

• Radical Stem-Changing Irregular Verbs: These verbs use unique stems and a different set of endings (no accents) in the preterite.
      * u-stem: tener (tuv-), saber (sup-), poder (pud-).
      * i-stem: querer (quis-), hacer (hic-/hiz-), venir (vin-).
      * j-stem: conducir (conduj-), traer (traj-), decir (dij-).

The Imperfect Tense (El Imperfecto)

• Regular Imperfect Verbs: Standard conjugations for ongoing or habitual past actions.

• Irregular Imperfect Verbs: Only three verbs are irregular in the imperfect tense:
      * ir (to go)
      * ser (to be)
      * ver (to see)

Preterite vs. Imperfect (El Preterito vs. el imperfecto)

• Determining which tense to use based on the context of the action.

• Useful Expressions for the Preterite: Indicators of specific, completed points in time.
      * anoche (last night)
      * la semana pasada (last week)
      * hace dos aos (two years ago)

• Useful Expressions for the Imperfect: Indicators of habitual or non-specific timing.
      * siempre (always)
      * de vez en cuando (once in a while)
      * cada verano (every summer)

Vocabulary (II. Vocabulario)

• Daily Life and Reflexive Verbs (La vida diaria y los verbos reflexivos): Chapter 2 focus, involving routines and self-care actions.

• At the Train Station (En la estación de tren): Chapter 3 focus, covering luggage, tickets, and arrivals/departures.

• Food and Restaurants (La comida y en los restaurantes): Chapter 4 focus, including menu items, ordering, and food categories.

• Celebrations and Parties (Las celebraciones y las fiestas): Chapter 5 focus, including anniversaries, weddings, and social gatherings.

• Computers and Technology (Las computadoras y la tecnologa): Chapter 6 focus, covering hardware and software terminology.

Culture (III. Cultura)

• The exam will include reading passages (lectura) followed by comprehension questions (preguntas de comprensión).