IT as a Discipline

Learning Objectives

Explain the importance of ensuring that data and information systems support business goals and processes.

Explain the purpose of an IT department in an organization.

Identify major IT roles and functions.

Two IT professionals collaborating.

System Administrator

The system administrator is responsible for providing technical support for hardware and software issues end users encounter, such as log-in issues. This position requires an associate's degree or higher and a basic understanding of network vulnerabilities and security issues. The CompTIA Network+ and the CompTIA Security+ certifications demonstrate up-to-date knowledge and skills.

Network Administrator

The network administrator is responsible for designing, planning, setting up, and maintaining an organization’s network. This position requires an associate's degree or higher, network troubleshooting experience, and effective problem-solving skills. The CompTIA A+, CompTIA Network+, or CompTIA Security+ certification demonstrates up-to-date knowledge and skills.

Database Administrator

The database administrator is responsible for installing and configuring databases. This position also fixes database errors and creates user accounts. This position requires a bachelor’s degree in computer science or computer engineering. The MySQL and Oracle Database certifications are examples of certifications that demonstrate up-to-date knowledge and skills.

Security Administrator

The security administrator is responsible for installing, administering, and troubleshooting network security issues. This position requires an associate’s or bachelor’s degree in computer science, cybersecurity, or a related field. It also requires a deep understanding of IT infrastructures, including protocols, operating systems, and networks. CompTIA Security+ is a certification that demonstrates up-to-date knowledge and skills.

Web Administrator

The web administrator is responsible for troubleshooting error messages employees encounter when attempting to access their organization’s website. The web administrator is also responsible for tracking, compiling, and analyzing website usage data. This role reports security breaches to appropriate personnel. This position requires an associate’s or bachelor’s degree in computer science, information technology, or a similar field. However, with the rise in nontraditional education, employers are hiring self-taught programmers as long as they have a solid web portfolio.