Unit 10

________________________________Peds Vitals _________________________________

  • Understand the vital ranges (Blood pressure, pulse, o2, respiration, temperature)

    • Infant    none until 3 years , 30-53 breaths , 95% or higher ,100-180 bpm  98.2 axillary 

    • Toddler none until 3 years , 22-37 breaths  , 95% , 98-140bpm 99.7 tympanic forehead 

    • Preschooler systolic -90-105 diastolic - 55-70 , 20-28 breaths , 95% , 80-120 , 98.6 oral 

    • School age systolic -90-105 diastolic- 55-70 , 20-28 breaths , 95% , 80-120 bpm , 98.6 oral 

    • Adolescent systolic-95-110, diastolic 60-75, 18-25 breaths,  95%, 74-118 bpm , 98.6 oral 

  • Know the locations for pulse temporal, brachial , radial, carotid , femoral , politeal , dorsal pedis artery , posterior tibial artery 

  • Know the locations for temperature  rectum , oral , axillary , temporal, tympanic 

  • Terminology

    • Tachycardia high heart beat 

    • Bradycardia  low heart beat 

    • Tachypnea fast breathing 

    • Bradypnea slow breathing 

    • Apnea no breathing 

______________________________Pharmacology _________________________________

  • Define

    • Therapeutic effects are good effects the ones for which providers prescribe them 

    • Sides effects  are undesirable unintended actions on the body such as nausea or dry mouth , and can limit the usefulness of the medication

    • Adverse effects are unintended , harmful actions of the medication such as an allergic reaction , and prevent further use of medication 

    • Indications  are the problems for which the provider prescribes a particular medication 

    • Contraindication symptoms or conditions that make a specific treatment  or medication inadvisable or even dangerous 

    • Precautions  problems that pose a lesser risk but require dose observation and monitoring during medication therapy

  • Understand the scheduled drugs 1-5  1 is not approved for us in the us and 5 is the more approved 

  • Understand pediatric dosing The most accurate method to determine medication dosage calculations for children is to use weight calculations.

  • Know the common medication formulas 

    • Inhalation aerosols , dry powder for inhalation , mist , steam

    • Oral caplets , capsules , elixirs , emulsions , gel s, lozenges solid extract , fluid , extracts , solutions , suspensions  syrups tablets, tinctures 

    • Injectectable  iv , im , subcutaneous , ID powders for reconstitution  

    • Topical cream 

    • Otic ear medication 

  • How many times should you check a medication before administering it 3 times 

  • Understand the difference between parenteral vs nonparenteral   parental is outside of the digestive system and non parental go in the digestive system like topical , oral 

  • Injection routes, angle, location(s)

    • IM 90 degrees deltoid , dorsalgluteal, vastus ,

    • ID 10-15 degree , forearm 

    • SQ/SC 45 back of the arm , thigh

  • Patients rights 

    • Right route the correct way the medication is administered ex oral , topical , iv , or im 

    • Right technique the correct way it should be given ex the angle 

    • Right documentation correct lot number and ndc number is recorded 

    • Right patient the patient is verified with full name and dob 

    • Right medication the medication has been checked 3 times 

    • Right dose the correct amount was drawn up 

    • Right time the medications are given at the correct times and not mixed 

  • Medication Abbreviations 

    • Ac before meals 

    • Pc after meals 

    • Hs @ bedtime 

    • Prn as needed 

    • Bid twice a day 

    • Tid  3 times a day 

    • Qid 4 times a day 

    • Q every 

    • Q4h every 4 hours 

    • STAT immediately 

    • ad lib  as desired 

    • PO by mouth 

    • IM intramuscular 

    • IV intravenous 

    • ID intradermal 

    • SC/ SQ subcutaneous 

    • PR per rectum 

    • SL sublingual 

    • TOP topical 

    • NPO nothing by mouth 

_______________________________ Medical Emergencies ___________________________


  • Understand and recognize emergency situations

    • Shock(s)

      • Diabetic Shock when a patients glucose is above or below average 

      • Hypovolemic Shock  When severe blood loss or other fluid loss makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body.

      • Hypothermia When your body loses heat faster than it can produce heat.

      • Hyperthermia Body is not able to regulate normal temperature.

      • Vascular  Interruption in blood flow to the cardiac muscle

      • Anaphylactic An allergic reaction to substances

      • Septic Overwhelming infection, chemical are released into the bloodstream that cause vasodilation 

      • Neurologic CVA , seizures FAST

    • Poisoning (Snake bite) - when a patient is bitten by a snake  call 911 

    • Burns when the person comes into contact with something extremely cold or hot 

  • Know the abbreviation of CAB circulation , airway , breathing