the baroque period I: concerto, fugue, and opera | ch. 1-11 | pg. 118-151

baroque music (1600-1750)

two giants of baroque composition

  • johann sebastian bach

  • george frideric handel

monteverdi

  • unprecedented passion and dramatic works

  • stress of drama and text

  • melodic lines imitated rhythms and inflections of speech

early baroque composers

  • homophonic texture > polyphonic texture

  • words could be projected more clearly through one melody with chordal accompaniment

  • new emphasis on homophonic texture = early baroque

  • polyphonic texture returns to favor = late baroque

unity of mood

  • affections = emotional states such as joy, grief, and agitation represented through music

rhythm

  • continuity of rhythm allows for unity of mood

  • provides compelling drive and energy

  • the beat is emphasized far more in baroque music than renaissance music

melody

  • also stresses continuity

    • opening melody will be heard over and over

  • symmetry and balance through successive repetition of baroque melodies

dynamics

  • continuity of rhythm and melody

    • level of volume tends to stay fairly constant for a stretch of time

    • when dynamics shift, and shift is sudden (stepping form one level ot another)

  • terraced dynamics

    • alternation between loud and soft

    • gradual changes through crescendo and decrescendo are not prominent features of baroque.

texture

chords and the basso continuo

vocal music


the baroque orchestra


baroque forms


music in baroque society


the concerto grosso and ritornello form


the fugue


the elements of opera


opera in the baroque era


claudio monteverdi


henry purcell


the baroque orchestra


barbara strozzi


elisabeth jacquet de la guerre


the baroque sonata