Unit 3 Quiz 2 APUSH

Great Compromise: The agreement during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that led to a bicameral legislature—House of Representatives (based on population) and the Senate (equal representation).

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists: Federalists supported a strong central government and the Constitution. Anti-Federalists wanted more power for state governments and demanded a Bill of Rights to safeguard individual liberties.

Three-Fifths Compromise: This was a deal during the Constitutional Convention where three out of every five slaves were counted for determining representation and taxation.

Bank of the United States: Proposed by Alexander Hamilton, this was the country's first central bank, established in 1791 to stabilize the economy and create a standard form of currency.

Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the Constitution, guaranteeing fundamental liberties like freedom of speech, religion, and press.

Judiciary Act of 1789: Established the federal judiciary of the United States, including the Supreme Court, district courts, and circuit courts.

Democratic Republicans vs. Federalists: Democratic-Republicans (led by Jefferson) advocated for states' rights and agrarianism. Federalists (led by Hamilton) pushed for a strong central government and commercial economy.

Whiskey Rebellion: A 1794 uprising of farmers in Pennsylvania against a federal excise tax on whiskey. It was crushed by President Washington, showing the new government’s ability to maintain order.

Citizen Genet: French diplomat Edmond-Charles Genêt who tried to recruit Americans to support France in its war against Britain, causing diplomatic tension with the U.S. government.

Jay’s Treaty 1794: A treaty between the U.S. and Britain to settle outstanding issues since the Treaty of Paris 1783. It helped avoid war but was controversial for its favorable terms to Britain.

Pinckney’s Treaty 1795: Agreement between the U.S. and Spain that defined the borders of the U.S. and guaranteed American navigation rights on the Mississippi River.

Washington’s Farewell Address: George Washington’s 1796 letter advising the nation to avoid permanent alliances with foreign nations and political parties.

XYZ Affair: A diplomatic incident in 1797-98 where French agents (referred to as X, Y, and Z) demanded bribes from American diplomats, leading to an undeclared naval war with France, the Quasi-War.

Quasi War: An undeclared naval conflict between the U.S. and France from 1798 to 1800, sparked by the XYZ Affair.

Alien & Sedition Acts: Four laws passed in 1798 aimed at protecting national security but criticized for suppressing dissent and weakening the Democratic-Republicans.

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions: Political statements drafted in 1798-99 by Jefferson and Madison, arguing that states could nullify federal laws they deemed unconstitutional.

Revolution of 1800: The election of 1800, where Thomas Jefferson's victory marked a peaceful transfer of power from the Federalists to the Democratic-Republicans, showcasing the stability of the U.S. political system.