Comprehensive Study Guide on Syro-Malabar History, Christian Heritage, and Kerala Cultural Development

Early Christian Heritage and Ecclesiastical History

  • Arrival of St. Thomas: St. Thomas landed in India at Kodungallur in the year 52 AD52\,\text{AD}.

  • Representation at the Synod of Nicaea: Mar John III represented India in the Synod of Nicaea (Niceae) in the year 325 AD325\,\text{AD}.

  • Friends of Fasting: The Mar Thoma Christians (also known as Mar Thoma Nazrani) were historically referred to as the community known as the 'Friends of Fasting'.

  • Syro-Malabar Eparchies: The Syro-Malabar Church possesses 1818 eparchies in India located outside the state of Kerala.

Educational Institutions and Social Reformers

  • Concept of 'A School with Every Church': Introduced by St. Kuriakose Elias Chavara, establishing a paradigm linking local church communities directly to formal primary education.

  • Initiation of Educational Activities: Christian missionaries were responsible for initiating systematic educational activities across Kerala.

  • St. Thomas College, Thrissur: Established under the leadership and initiative of Bishop Adolph Medlikott.

  • St. Berchmans (SB) College, Changanasserry: Founded and established by Bishop Charles Lavigne.

  • Akkamma Cherian: A prominent historical political leader known by the title 'Jhansi Rani of Travancore'.

  • Justice Anna Chandy: Distinguished historical figure who served as the first Indian woman judge.

  • Padmashree Dr. Jose Chacko Periyappuram: Recognized as the doctor who performed the first heart transplant in Kerala.

Organizations and Cultural Institutions

  • All Kerala Catholic Congress (AKCC): AKCC stands for All Kerala Catholic Congress, serving as a primary lay organization.

  • Caritas India: The central coordinating organization for Catholic social welfare work at the national level in India.

  • Hadusa Institute: An institute established by Msgr. Jacob Velliyan that plays a key role in preserving, researching, and promoting unique Christian art forms.

  • Evolution of Social Terminology: Prior to the twentieth century, the term 'Caste' (jati) was used within Kerala's social context in place of the modern concept of 'community' (samudayam).

Literary Contributions, Printing, and Media

  • Padiyolas: Historical records and administrative or legal documents written on palm leaves.

  • First Printing Press: The first printing press established by Catholic missionaries in Kerala was located in Kollam [p. 45].

  • Father of Malayalam Printing: Benjamin Bailey is designated as the father of Malayalam printing [p. 45].

  • First Digital Malayalam Font: Designed and created by Fr. George Plassery CMI.

  • Deepika Newspaper: The famous Malayalam newspaper Deepika was founded by Mani Kathanar.

  • Puthen Pana: A famous Malayalam Christian devotional epic written by Arnos Padiri.

  • Varthamanapusthakam: Authored by Paremakkal Thoma Kathanar, this work holds historical significance as the first travelogue written in the Malayalam language.

Feast Traditions, Feasts, and Liturgical Acronyms

  • Lazar's Saturday Feast: The traditional food items specifically linked to the celebration of Lazar's Saturday feast is Kozhukatta.

  • Maundy Thursday Appam: The ritual unleavened bread prepared among St. Thomas Christians on Maundy Thursday is called Inri Appam.

  • Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC): The official acronym CCC stands for the Catechism of the Catholic Church.