OB Modules: 1 & 2 Contraception/Antepartum Care

Notes Mod 1

Notes Mod 2

Combined both Mod notes

• Just do the whole PowerPoint due to coverage

• STI

• Triachomoniasis

• Remember: Oral contraceptive Methods complications

  • Early Signs of Complications for Users of Oral Contraceptives

  • A = Abdominal pain may indicate liver or gallbladder problems.

  • C = Chest pain or shortness of breath may indicate a pulmonary
    embolus.

  • H = Headaches may indicate hypertension or an impending stroke.

  • E = Eye problems may indicate hypertension or an attack.

  • S = Severe leg pain may indicate a thromboembolic event.

• With patches make sure you remove it and clean area then put on new patch

  • Then place old patch somewhere that no one can get it due to overdose/ exposure

• IUC uses motrin or tylenol for inflammation

• BTL: Bilateral tubal ligation

• Syphilis

• Chadwick Sign: Bluish purple coloration of the vaginal mucosa and cervix

• Goodell Signs

• Hegar Sign: Softening of the lower uterine

• S/S pregnancy

  • Subjective: Fatigue ( 12 weeks) , breast tenderness ( 3 to 4 weeks), N/V, amenorrhea. urinary frequency, hhy[erigmentation of skin, felt movement, uterine and breast inlargemnt

  • Objective: Braxton Hicks contraction, positive pregnancy test, abdominal enlargemnt

  • Positive signs, ultrasound, fetal movement felt by experience clinical, asucylation of fetal heart tones via doppler

  • Cervix

    • Sodtening ( Goodell sign)

    • Mucus plug formation

    • Increased vascularization

    • Ripening about 4 weeks before birth

  • Vagina

    • Increased vascualrirty with thickening

    • Lengthening of vaginal vault

    • Secretion more acidic, white. and think

  • Ovaires

    • Enlarge until 12 to 14 week of gestation

  • Breast

    • Increase size and prepare for lactation

    • Production of colostrum: Anti body rich, yellow fluid that can be expressed after 12th week; conversion to mature milk after delivery

  • Lineo Nigeria

  • Breast feeding is never eating for 2

    • Breast feeding is 500+ calls

    • Iron supplement, folic acid,

    • Folic acid prevents spina bifida

  • GDM

    • Preclampsia, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, still birth, 9% of birth have GDM

    • If not controlled by diet or exercise than we use insulin

Group B streptococcus ( GBS)

• If infected with GBS than mom in 35 weeks will get penicillin

• Give gebtamicin is ototoxic so give in a span of 30 minutes

PowerPoint Mod 1

Group Work for TORCH

• Toxoplasmosis

  • S/S

  • Causes

  • Complication

    • Mom

    • Infant

  • Tx

  • Prevnetion

• O

  • Zika Virus

    • S/S

    • Causes

    • Complication

      • Mom

      • Infant

    • Tx

    • Prevnetion

      • Transmitted to humans form mosquito bite. “ Aedes Aegypti” species. Transmitted hyman 2 human perinetal, sexual activity, blood tranfusion

      • S/S 80% client asymptomatic, fever, rash, join pain, headache, msucel pain, conjunctivitis

      • Complication: CNS damage to fetus, microcephaly, centroculomegaly

  • Varicella Zoster: Chicken pox

    • S/S

    • Causes

    • Complication

      • Mom

      • Infant

    • Tx

    • Prevnetion

      • Live vaccine so don’t give during pregnancy

• R: Rubella: Togavirus spread through dropelt causes by chudlren with rashes or neonates born to mother positive for rubella

  • S/S: Joint, muscle pain, rash, fever

  • Causes

  • Complication

    • Mom

    • Infant

  • Tx

  • Prevnetion

• C: Cytomegalovirus

  • S/S

  • Causes

  • Complication

    • Mom

    • Infant

  • Tx

  • Prevnetion

    • If baby fails hearing loss then baby will get swap for CMV

• H: Herpes

  • S/S

  • Causes

  • Complication

    • Mom

    • Infant

  • Tx

  • Prevnetion

• Calculating Due Date: Naegeles Rule MAKE SURE YOU KNOW

  • First determine the first day of your last menstrual cycle

  • Next count back 3 calendar months form that date

  • Lastly add 1 year and 7 days to that date

Toxoplasmosis

Definition:
An infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It’s especially dangerous during pregnancy and in immunocompromised individuals.

S/S (Signs & Symptoms)

In Healthy People:

• Often asymptomatic

• Flu-like symptoms:

  • Fever

  • Fatigue

  • Swollen lymph nodes

  • Muscle aches

In Immunocompromised Individuals:

• Severe symptoms such as:

  • Confusion

  • Seizures

  • Vision problems

  • Encephalitis

Causes

• Eating undercooked, contaminated meat (especially pork, lamb)

• Exposure to infected cat feces (cleaning litter boxes)

• Contaminated water or soil

• Mother-to-fetus transmission during pregnancy (congenital toxoplasmosis)

Complication

For Pregnant Women:

• Miscarriage

• Stillbirth

• Preterm birth

For Infant (Congenital Toxoplasmosis):

• Hydrocephalus

• Intracranial calcifications

• Chorioretinitis (eye inflammation → vision loss)

• Intellectual disability

• Seizures

• Hearing loss

Mom

• May be asymptomatic or have mild flu-like illness

• Can pass infection to fetus, especially in the first trimester

Infant

• May appear normal at birth

• Symptoms can develop months/years later:

  • Eye damage

  • Cognitive or motor delays

  • Seizures

Tx (Treatment)

• Healthy person (not pregnant): Often no treatment needed

• Pregnant women or infants:

  • Pyrimethamine

  • Sulfadiazine

  • Leucovorin (folinic acid) to reduce toxicity

  • Treatment may continue for 1 year in infants

Prevention

• Cook meat thoroughly (internal temp ≥ 160°F or 71°C)

• Wash fruits/vegetables well

• Avoid handling cat litter (especially if pregnant)

• Wear gloves when gardening

• Wash hands thoroughly after soil or raw meat contact

• Pregnant women should avoid adopting new cats or handling stray cats