Purposive Communication Notes

Course Overview

  • Course Title: Purposive Communication
  • Department: General Education Department
  • University: NU BALIWAG, School of Education, Arts and Sciences

Course Objectives

  • Describe the Nature and Elements of Communication: Understand verbal and non-verbal communication in various multicultural contexts.
  • Discuss Ethical Implications: Explore the principles of communication and their ethical considerations.
  • Application of Communication: Examine communication applications across different texts and situations.

Definition of Communication

  1. Ober & Newman (2013): Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages, using spoken or written words as well as non-verbal means like facial expressions and gestures.
  2. Wood (2012): A systematic process where people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings.
  3. Palta (2007): Sending information to oneself or another, usually through language.
  4. Ambida et al. (2019): A continuous process operating within a context, where people exchange words and symbols to create and understand meanings.

Models of Communication

Linear Models
  • Aristotle's Model:
    • Focused on public speaking; involves a speaker, speech, audience, and occasion.
  • Laswell's Model (1948):
    • Answers five questions: Who says what in which channel to whom with what effect.
  • Shannon and Weaver's Model (1949):
    • Adds noise as a factor affecting communication; depicts a sender, transmitter, channel, receiver, and destination.
  • Berlo's SMCR Model (1960):
    • Emphasizes individual characteristics of the source and receiver, detailing the encoding and decoding processes.
Features Comparison of Communication Models
ModelFocusNoise ConsiderationComplexityInteraction
SMCR ModelSender and receiver skillsNo explicit noiseDetailed factorsLinear, no feedback
Shannon-Weaver ModelTechnical aspectsNoise includedSignal-based detailsLinear, considers noise
Aristotle's ModelPersuasion and speechDoes not address noiseSimple, rhetoric-focusedLinear, one-way
Interactive and Transactional Models
  • Schramm's Model (1954):
    • Focuses on the field of experience of the sender and receiver, incorporating feedback and noise.
  • Barnlund's Transactional Model (1970):
    • Emphasizes real-time feedback, representing communication as a simultaneous and dynamic process.

Principles of Communication

  1. Transactional Nature: Communication is an exchange, not a one-way process.
  2. Inevitability: Communication occurs even when not intended.
  3. Goal-Oriented: Every communication has a purpose.
  4. Various Levels: Communication can occur on multiple levels.
  5. Complexity: It involves numerous elements and factors.
  6. Learnability: Communication skills can be developed.
  7. Relational: It is inherently tied to relationships between individuals.
  8. Culture-Guided: Influenced by cultural contexts and norms.

Ethics in Communication

  • Honesty: Ethical communicators are truthful in their messages.
  • Awareness of Consequences: They recognize the impacts of their words and actions.
  • Value Diversity: They respect different opinions and cultural backgrounds.
  • Fairness: They aim to communicate without prejudice.

Communication in Context

Types of Communication

  • Interpersonal Communication:

    • Interaction between two individuals, varies by relationship.
    • Guided by Kant's philosophy of treating people as ends, not means.

  • Group Communication:

    • Involpes collective dynamics, where roles can diminish individual influence based on group size.
    • Utilizes defined roles for effective teamwork (e.g., Belbin's team roles).

  • Presentational Communication:

    • Addresses larger audiences to inform or persuade, can be live or mediated through mass communication.

References

  • Ambida, R., Galicha, J., & Oandasan, R. (2019). Purposive communication. C & E Publishing, Inc.
  • Barrot, J. & Sipacio, P.J. (2018). Purposive communication in the 21st century. C & E Publishing, Inc.
  • Dela Cruz, R. (2019). Purposive communication in global English. Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
  • Martinez, R. (2019). Purposive communication. Mindshapers Co., Inc.
  • Sarip, H., et al. (2019). Purposive communication. Mutya, Publishing House.