AP World Midterm Key Terms
Paleolithic Era | Period before the agricultural revolution |
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Neolithic Era | Where societies formed |
Pastoral Society | A community that is on the move |
Agricultural revolution | Dooms pastoral societies, societies settled, many innovative outcomes |
Mesoamerica | Central and South America |
Hinduism | South Asian religion |
Upanishads | Bible for Hinduism |
Brahman | One soul/ highest member of the caste |
Atman | Other/real soul |
Moksha | Release from the cycle of rebirth |
Samsara | Rebirth |
Karma | Cause and effect for life |
Buddhism | Originated in India, heavily in Asia |
Theravada Buddhism | Og form of Buddhism |
Mahayana Buddhism | Bodhisattva- anyone can be a Buddha |
Tibetan Buddhism | Intro of lamas (teachers/experts) |
Siddhartha Gautama | The buddha |
Nirvana | Peace (to be found) |
Vishnu -> Bhakti | More spiritual and mystical branches of Vishnu Individual god in Bhakti belief |
Confucianism | Way of life, and peace in society, emphasizes education and filial piety |
Confucious | Leader of Confucianism |
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Filial Piety | Respect for those older |
Daoism | Confucianism but with nature |
Yin and Yang | Opposites work well |
Judaism | Abrahamic religion focused on one god |
Islam | Dar al Islam, the spread of Muslim religions |
Muhammad | The Islamic prophet |
Quran | Spiritual writing and books/laws |
Umma | Islamic community |
Sunni | (majority) Prophets do not need to be related to Muhammad |
Shia | (minority) Prophets need to be related |
Ulama | Islamic professors and scholars |
Madrassa | Islamic places of study |
Sharia Law | Islamic Law |
Sufis | Missionaries of Islam |
5 pillars of Islam | Pray five times daily, almsgiving/charity, recognize Muhammad, travel to mecha, fast |
Song Dynasty- the effects and accomplishments | Cultural and economic success (Champa rice from Vietnam and silk) |
Hangzhou | First Chinese city where people specialized in metal-work and built the Grand canal |
Foot-binding | Women making their feet smaller |
Kowtowing | China establishing tributes for countries smaller: Korea, Japan, Vietnam |
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Hangul | Korean language |
Samurai | Japanese military |
Bushido | Samurai code |
Kami | Mystical belief of Japan |
Chu nom | Vietnamese language (influenced by China) |
Srivijaya | Controlled 2 major passageways between India and China |
Khmer | Ruled over mainland SouthEast Asia, skilled architects |
Angkor Wat | The urbanized capital city of Khmer, cosmopolitan |
Madjahapit | Exerting suzerainty over smaller kingdoms and extracting trading rights, Bali |
Dar Al Islam | House of Islam |
Abbaside Caliphate | Group was the head of the Islamic empire and was replaced by Turkic people |
Seljuk Turkic Empire | New Turkic empire after the fall of Abbasid |
The Sultan | Leader/ Caliph |
Kaghan | Genghis Khan and other Mongol leaders |
Ottoman Empire | Replaced Seljuks, Middle East to Africa spread |
Caliph | Leader |
Jizya | Tax on non-muslims |
Al- Andalus | When Muslims took over Spain |
Swahili Civilization | The merchants in the Indian Ocean Trading Network helped coastal cities to grow prosperous and politically powerful. |
Empire of Mali | GOLD and architecture |
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Djenne | Religious built by the Mali |
Timbuktu | Intellectual and spiritual capital (Islam) |
Songhay | Rival to Mali; leading power of West Africa |
Gao | Capital of Songhai along the river |
Sonni Ali | Founded the Songhai Empire |
Byzantine Empire | Shaping Christian Orthodox, Constantinople (European) |
Kievan Rus | Traded w/ the Byzantine, trade empire |
Renaissance | Rediscovering classical texts from Greece and Rome changed and arose new values socially, politically, and religiously in Europe |
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