PE 3
1. What historical event is the long jump traced back to? The Olympics in Ancient Greece
2. When was the long jump first included in the Olympics? Since the first Games in 1896.
3. Who set a long jump world record of 8.90m in 1968?
Bob Beamon at the Mexico City Olympic Games.
4. Which athlete is regarded as the greatest male long jumper?
Carl Lewis, who won four successive Olympic titles from 1984 to 1996.
5. What is the measurement technique for a long jump?
The distance is measured from the edge of the take-off board to the closest indentation in the sand.
6. What constitutes a foul in long jump? An athlete steps beyond the take-off board.
7. What is the typical number of jumps per competitor in championship competitions?
Most competitions involve six jumps per competitor.
8. How does the approach run differ between primary school and senior athletes in long jump? Primary school performers take 11 to 15 strides, while senior athletes take 19 to 23 strides.
9. What are the three chief flight techniques in long jump? The hang, the sail, and the hitch-kick.
10. Describe the hang technique in long jump?
The body is lengthened with arms and legs extended until after reaching the apex, then legs are snapped forward for landing.
11. What is the sail/stride technique in long jump?
The jumper lifts legs into a toe-touching position after takeoff to sail in the air.
12. What is the hitch-kick technique in long jump?
A complex technique where the athlete cycles arms and legs during flight to counteract rotational velocity.
13. What is the format of the triple jump as standardized in 1908? A hop, a step, and a jump.
14. Who set the world record for the triple jump at 18.29m?
Jonathan Edwards at the 1995 World Championships.
15. When did the first Olympic women's triple jump competition take place? In 1996.
16. What is the sequence of phases in the triple jump? Approach, hop, step, jump, and landing.
17. What is the minimum recommended length for the runway in triple jump? 40 meters.
18. What is the significance of the take-off board in triple jump?
It must be placed at least 13 meters from the landing area according to international rules.
19. What is the key aspect of foot presentation in triple jump?
It involves a ‘reaching and pawing' action during landings and take-offs.
20. What are the requirements for the triple jump event?
Speed, explosive power, strength, and flexibility.
21. What happens if athletes are tied in triple jump competitions?
The athlete with the next best distance is declared the winner.
22. What is the significance of the landing area in both long jump and triple jump?
It is the same for both events, where the jump distance is measured.
23. What is the initial position of the toes during a jump?
The toes are pointing upwards to avoid touching the ground.
24. How should the take-off leg be positioned before a jump?
The takeoff leg is brought up until the heel touches the buttock, then brought forward and down.
25. What is the recommended position of the trunk and head during a jump?
The trunk should be upright and the head still, looking forward.
26. What role do the arms play during the jump?
The arms are used to balance the body while vigorously driving backwards, remaining close to the body.
27. What are the key aspects of the 'step' in jumping?
The take-off must be quick with the ankle, knee, and hip fully extended, maintaining the take-off position.
28. What is the foot position during the step phase?
The foot touches the ground about 20 cm in front of the center of gravity.
29. What must the body do during the flight phase of a jump?
The body must be fully stretched with arms above the shoulders, preparing for landing.
30. What historical significance does the high jump have?
High jump contests were popular in Scotland in the early 19th century and were included in the first modern Olympics in 1896.
31. What technique is predominantly used in high jumping today?
The Fosbury Flop, which involves going over the bar with the jumper's back to it.
32. Who set the current high jump world record and what is the height?
Javier Sotomayor set the record at 2.45m in 1993.
33. What is the landing surface for high jump athletes? Athletes land on a crash mat.
34. How many attempts do competitors have per height in high jump?
Competitors have three attempts per height.
35. What happens if competitors are tied on the same height?
The winner is determined by the fewest failures at that height, and if still tied, by the fewest failures overall.
36. What are the four main phases of jumping events? 1. Approach 2. Take off 3. Flight 4. Landing.
37. What is the goal in jumping events?
To maximize either the measured distance or height of the athlete's jump.
38. What is the optimal approach speed for high jump compared to long jump?
In high jump, the athlete seeks an optimum running speed, while in long jump, the goal is to achieve maximum running speed.
39. What characterizes a good approach to jumping events?
It is fast, accurate, consistent, and prepares the athlete for a powerful take-off.
40. What is critical during the take-off phase of a jump?
The athlete must ensure their center of mass is as high as possible and add maximum vertical velocity.
41. What are the characteristics of an effective take-off?
The athlete must be 'tall', plant the take-off foot firmly, and fully extend the hip, knee, and ankle joints.
42. What is the objective during the flight phase of a jump?
To avoid actions that would reduce the distance or height of the flight path and position the body for landing.
43. What is the main objective in the landing phase of the long jump?
To minimize the loss of distance that occurs after the initial touchdown of the feet.
44. What is the landing objective in high jump and pole vault? To land safely and avoid injury.