Cellular Respiration quiz study guide

anaerobic: without air

aerobic: with air

cellular respiration: 1. glycolysis 2. krebs cycle 3. electron transport chain (ETC)

==glycolysis==

glycolysis location: cytoplasm

glycolysis reactants: glucose and ATP

glycolysis process: 1. glucose is broken down into two 3 carbon molecules using 2 molecules at ATP 2. the 3 carbon molecules are changed into pyruvate molecules and from 2 NADH and 4 ATP molecules

glycolysis main purpose: to make pyruvic acid for the krebs cycle

==krebs cycle==

krebs cycle location: matrix of mitochondria (inside)

krebs cycle reactant: pyruvate molecules

krebs cycle process: 1. pyruvate molecule is broken down into another molecule and part is given off as carbon dioxide 2. the part that is not given off as carbon dioxide continues to break down into other molecules and releases NADH, FADH2 and ATP molecules

kreb cycle main purpose: to take out pyruvate from glycolysis and make more energy carriers (ATP/NADH) and make carbon dioxide

==Electron Transport Chain==

ETC location: inner membrane of the mitochondria

ETC reactant: NADH and FADH2 and oxygen

ETC process: 1. NADH and FADH2 break down NAD to FAD2 2. electrons help to pump hydrogen through inner membrane of the mitochondria 3. hydrogens flow back through ATP synthase to make ATP 4. at the end of ETC oxygen picks up free hydrogens to form water

ETC purpose: to use energy carriers (NADH and FADH2) made earlier in the process to produce ATP energy

fermentation purpose: if cells do not have enough oxygen they will perform this process

==lactic acid fermentation==

lactic acid fermentation location: happens in our cells

lactic acid products: lactic acid and NAD+

lactic acid does: what makes our muscles burn during exercise

==alcoholic fermentation==

alcoholic location: happens by bacteria and small cells like yeast

alcoholic products: carbon dioxide, alcohol and NAD+

alcoholic does: what allows bread to rise (carbon dioxide is still given off)

anaerobics: glycolysis, lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation

aerobics: krebs cycle and electron transport chain