Interior

Purpose
  - Conceal or accommodate building services.   - Equipment and Distribution Systems include:
    - Mechanical (HVAC)
    - Plumbing (water, sewer, storm)
    - Sprinkler Systems
    - Electrical (power, communication, etc.)
    - Vertical Transportation     - Others: computer connections, vacuum systems, etc.

Shafts: Vertical runs of pipe, duct, wiring, elevators, etc.
- Purpose: concealment and prevention of fire migration.
Suspended Ceilings: Horizontal runs of MPE services.
Floors: Services can be cast into the floor or use access flooring.
Plumbing Chases: Designed for water and sewer lines.
Mechanical Spaces: Include rooms, penthouses, roofs, basements, and mezzanines.

Horizontal Runs of Duct
- Includes electrical duct and plumbing duct as seen in high-rise and low-rise buildings.
- Overhead rough-in diagrams include cable trays, plumbing, sprinklers, and electrical systems.

Rooftop Equipment: HVAC equipment such as cooling towers can be mounted on the ground or roof.
Mechanical Equipment Room: Essential for housing various building services equipment.
Electrical Panels: Important for electrical distribution within the building.

Appearance
- Must express a particular concept, reflecting the usage, feel, and form of the interior space.
- Factors include lighting, color, patterns, textures, etc.
Durability & Maintenance:
  - More durable finishes generally incur higher initial costs.
  - Selection based on need and usage intensity:
    - Examples:
      - Hard flooring in an airport vs. carpet in an office.
      - Drywall ceilings in hospitals vs. acoustic options in retail spaces.
      - CMU (Concrete Masonry Unit) in public restrooms vs. drywall.
      - VWC (Vinyl Composite Tile) in corridors vs. paint.
Acoustic Criteria
  - Interior finish materials affect sound quality and privacy within the building.
  - Sound Transmission Class (STC):
    - A measure of sound transmission through assemblies.
    - Determined by full-scale tests or field tests, requiring proper construction, sealing of penetrations, and installation of doors.
  - Ways to Reduce Sound Transmission:
    - Material selection for floors, ceilings, and walls.
    - Proper installation techniques.
    - Use of sound-absorbing insulation and resilient partition mountings.
    - Isolation of equipment.

Fire Criteria:
  - Governed by building codes, addressing:
    - Combustibility:
      - Flame spread speed
      - Fuel Contributed Rating: combustibility of materials.
      - Smoke Developed Rating: contribution to smoke, since smoke poses major risks in fires.
    - Fire Resistance Ratings: Determined through full-scale tests, criteria include:
      - Maintaining physical and structural integrity.
      - Preventing passage of fire or hot gases.
      - Insulation to keep cool on the non-exposed side.
Openings: must be restricted in size and protected against fire/gas penetration. Options include:
- Rated doors. - Fire/smoke dampers in ducts. - Sealed piping sleeves.
- Examples: Fire damper with fusible link, pneumatically operated.

Varies depending on the building type.
  - Office/Retail:
    - Frequent changes in services and finishes, requiring lighter, easily changed materials such as acoustic ceilings, drywall, moveable partitions, and carpet.   - Government Building/Theater:
    - Less frequent changes, necessitating heavier, more permanent materials like drywall ceilings, plaster, CMU, stone, and hard tiles.

Initial Cost:
- The installed cost is critical in budget constraints and for projects with shorter lifespans.
Life-Cycle Cost:
- Total cost includes initial cost, maintenance, replacement, and energy costs.
- Important when the building’s useful life is long or when ownership is retained for extended periods.

Concerns about solvents, finishes, airborne fibers, and susceptibility to mold/mildew.
Detection of radon gas and implications of sick buildings.

Move from single system constructions to modular components accommodating change.
Transition from Heavier to Lighter Materials:
- Example: Shift from plaster/CMU to drywall; hard tile to vinyl/carpet.
Transition from Wet to Dry Systems:
- Example: Shift from plaster to gypsum drywall to acoustic systems.

Phases Include:
  - Overhead rough-in (electrical, plumbing, duct).
  - MPE vertical distribution systems installation.
  - Partition framing with CMU or metal.   - Rough-in for plumbing, electrical, communication systems.   - Ceiling framing and rough-in for drywall, acoustic grids, lights, HVAC, etc.
  - Installation of cabinetry and built-in equipment.
  - Execution of ceiling finishes, wall finishes, and floor finishes.
Sequence Dependence: Based on material types/systems and project conditions.
Primary Considerations for Sequence:   - Need for subsequent operations like framing and rough-in.
  - Priority for essential services like electric piping vs. sewer lines.
  - Material durability, project schedule requirements, and availability.