Eclipses in the Sun-Earth-Moon System

Alignment: Occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun during the new moon phase.
Total Solar Eclipse: Only visible to those within the Moon’s umbra; the Moon appears to completely cover the Sun, the sky darkens, and stars may be seen.
Partial Solar Eclipse: Occurs when the observer is in the Moon’s penumbra; the Sun is never completely covered.

Alignment: Occurs when Earth moves into a line between the Sun and the Moon during the full moon phase.
Total Lunar Eclipse: The entire Moon passes through Earth’s umbra, often appearing with a reddish tint (Earthshine) due to sunlight deflecting off Earth’s atmosphere.
Partial Lunar Eclipse: Part of the Moon passes through Earth’s umbra while the rest is in the penumbra.
Visibility: Unlike solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be seen from any location on Earth where it is nighttime.

Orbital Path: Although a new moon occurs every $29.5\,days$ , solar eclipses are rare because the Moon’s orbit is slightly tilted compared to Earth’s orbit.
Conditions: Eclipses only happen when the Moon, Earth, and Sun are in a direct line; otherwise, the shadow passes above or below the target body.

Statement: A solar eclipse happens when Earth moves between the Moon and the Sun. (Response: This describes a lunar eclipse; for a solar eclipse, the Moon is between Earth and the Sun).
Statement: Solar eclipses are visible during the day everywhere on Earth. (Response: They are only visible within the path of the Moon’s umbra or penumbra).