Civil War

• 1861-1865
• North v South in the United States, the North won
• South left US in 1861 because they wanted to protect slavery
• North wanted to punish the South and get them back
• The South had more passion, but the North had more technology, people, and resources
• 1862: Union army is running low on volunteer soldiers   * Lincoln (president and leader of the north) allows and recruits black males to fight for the North   * The war itself helped end slavery: black males were fighting alongside whites, which had never happened before
• January 1, 1863: Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation   * Freed slaves in the SOUTH but not the North     * Couldn’t free slaves in the North because those states would leave the Union   * Slaves in the South would be free when the North took over that state   * Meant to get more African Americans to join the Union army because the war is now about freeing slaves, not just about punishing the South   * Incentive for slaves to help the Union army   * Probably didn’t make much of a difference     * Information was controlled     * 95% of slaves couldn’t read
• Before the war, neither the North nor the South wanted to end slavery   * The South was worried because of the amount of free states as the US grew
• 1864 election: Lincoln might lose because whites don’t like fighting alongside blacks   * Picks Andrew Johnson (white southerner) as vice president   * Gives message to whites that everything will be okay / go back to normal
• Feb 1865: Lincoln signs 13 amendment   * Will end slavery everywhere in the United States when ratified   * Needed 3/4 states to sign: happened in Dec 1865
• Dec 1865: Slavery officially bad
• South ran out of people - didn’t have sustainable population
• War ends April 1865. Lincoln assassinated five days later
• Andrew Johnson becomes president

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