Japanese Language Study Notes

Japanese Language Study Notes

Basic Time Expressions

  • Current Time:

    • Example: Ima 4-ji 5-fun desu.

    • Translation: "It is 4:05."

  • Waking Up:

    • Example: Watashi wa maiasa 6-ji ni okimasu.

    • Translation: "I wake up at 6:00 every morning."

  • Studying:

    • Example: Watashi wa kinō benkyō-shimashita.

    • Translation: "I studied yesterday."

Dialogue Examples

  • Asking for Current Time:

    • Example: Ima nan-ji desu ka?

    • Response: 2-ji 10-pun desu.

      • Translation: "What time is it now?" / "It’s 2:10."

  • Asking Store Hours:

    • Example: Sochira wa nan-ji made desu ka?

    • Example Response: 10-ji made desu.

      • Translation: "Until what time are you open?" / "We are open until 10:00."

  • Asking Days Off:

    • Example: Yasumi wa nan-yōbi desu ka?

    • Response: Nichi-yōbi desu.

      • Translation: "Which day is your day off?" / "It’s Sunday."

Practice Questions and Responses

  • What time does the Apple Bank open?

    • Example: Appuru-ginkō wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu ka?

    • Response: 9-ji kara 3-ji made desu.

      • Translation: "What time does Apple Bank open?" / "It opens from 9:00 to 3:00."

  • Bedtime:

    • Example: Maiban nan-ji ni nemasu ka?

    • Response: 11-ji ni nemasu.

      • Translation: "What time do you go to bed every night?" / "I go to bed at 11:00."

  • Study Hours:

    • Example: Mainichi nan-ji kara nan-ji made benkyō-shimasu ka?

    • Response: Asa 9-ji kara gogo 3-ji made benkyō-shimasu.

      • Translation: "From what time to what time do you study every day?" / "I study every day from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM."

  • Work on Saturday:

    • Example: Do-yōbi hatarakimasu ka?

    • Response: Iie, hatarakimasen.

      • Translation: "Do you work on Saturday?" / "No, I do not work."

Affirmative and Negative Responses

  • Did you study yesterday?:

    • Example: Kinō benkyō-shimashita ka?

    • Response: Iie, benkyō-shimasendeshita.

      • Translation: "Did you study yesterday?" / "No, I did not study."

Renshū (Practice) Exercises

Renshū A

  • Current Time:

    • Example: Ima 4-ji 5-fun desu.

    • Response: nan-ji … ka?

    • Input: Yasumi wa … … nan-yōbi? (Day Off)

    • Input: Hiruyasumi wa 12-ji kara 1-ji made desu. (Lunch Break)

Renshū B

  1. Current Time in Tokyo:

    • Ask the current time in Tokyo, which is given as Gogo 6-ji desu.

  2. Compare Time with Other Cities:

    • Example:

      • Tokyo: 6 PM

      • Beijing: 9 PM

      • London: 1 AM

      • New York: 4 AM

  3. Ask Day of the Week:

    • Example: Kyō wa nan-yōbi desu ka?

    • Response: Ka-yōbi desu. (It’s Tuesday.)

Renshū C

  • Visiting Museums:

    • Example Question: Yamato-bijutsukan wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu ka?

    • Response: 10-ji kara 4-ji made desu. (Open from 10:00 to 4:00)

Vocabulary

  • Okimasu: To wake up

  • Nemasu: To sleep

  • Benkyō: Study

  • Hatarakimasu: To work

  • Yasumi: Day off

Conclusion

  • These notes reflect basic expressions of time, daily activities, and practice dialogues in Japanese. Students should focus on question structures and practice responding appropriately to develop conversational fluency.