Musculoskeletal System

206 bones in your body

2-3 mm - stape, the smallest bone in the body

1-3 million steps/year - amount of steps a year

Functions of the Musculoskeletal System

Support: Provides the framework that supports the body’s weight and shape.

Movement: Enables a wide range of motion, from simple gestures to complex athletic movement

Protection: Sheilds vital organs like the heart, lungs, and brain from injury

Blood Cell Production: Bones contain bone marrow, where red and white blood cells reproduced

Mineral Storage: Stores essential minerals like calcium and phosphorous, which can be released into the bloodstream as needed

Bones

  • Framework and support

  • Protection of internal organs

  • Mineral storage

  • Production of blood cells

Tendons and Ligaments

  • Tendons connect muscle to bone

  • Ligaments connect bones to bones, usually stabilizing joints

Joints and Cartilage

  • Joints are where two or more bones meet, allowing movement

  • Cartilage is smooth, and flexible and covers the end of bones at joints, reducing friction and absorbing shock

Muscles

  • Muscles contract and relax to produce movement

  • Three types: Skeletal (voluntary), smooth (involuntary), and cardiac

Changes in the Musculoskeletal System Due to Age

  • Decreased bone density

  • Changes in joints (cartilage thinning, decreased synovial fluid)

  • Muscle loss and decreased muscle power and endurance

  • Slower reflexes and reaction times