Scientific Method

Error Analysis:

 

  1. Identify an error or limitation in the data (no hypothetical error + must have evidence)

  2. Classify and justify (define and link)  what the error type is

  3. Explain how error affects data (accuracy/precision) Data = inference, conclusion. And comment on difference from experimental result to theoretical result if known.

  1. Find an improvement that overcomes the limitation (crucial)

  1. State how improvement impacts experimental result and overall validity of results

 

Limitation vs Error: Limitations cannot be controlled

  • Heat Loss

  • Uncertainties of resolution

 

Improve Precision: Use a measuring apparatus with a smaller resolution (measurng cylinder)

Mitigating Impact of Random Error on Data: Repeat and average

 

Systematic:

  • Use more sophistcate equipment

  • Calobrate against an accepted known value,

Uncertainty: When it is within the smallest measuring increment so it is uncetain

 

Improvement: Insulating material (ceramic wool)

 

 

Ensure Complete Comvustion:

  • Open space; more oxygen

  • Cut the wick

 

Validity:

  • Control group: water no fuel measure delta

  • Controlled variab;es: water volume, wick length,