Asia/Antarctica/Arctic Test Review

Chapter 24: Oil in Southwest Asia 

Key Terms:

Crude Oil: Petroleum as it comes out of the ground and before it has been refined into products.

Renewable Resource: A resource that can be replaced quicker than it can be used.

Nonrenewable Resource: A resource that takes so long to form that it cannot be replaced. Oil is an example because it takes millions of years to form.

Oil Reserves: Oil that has been discovered but stays unused in the ground.


  1. Why is oil so valuable to post-industrial countries like the United States?

Oil is valuable to post-industrial countries because they need oil as a form of energy.

  1. How did oil underneath SW Asia form?

Oil forms by animals dying and decaying, then it gets buried by rocks, finally heat turns it into oil. On top of this SW Asia also used to be underwater.

  1. How is oil distributed between SW Asian countries?

Oil is distributed with Saudi Arabia having the most oil while Bahrain has the least.

  1. How has oil benefited society?

Oil has benefited society by giving it a resource that can be used as energy.

  1. Why has oil not pulled all SW Asian countries out of poverty?

Oil has not pulled all SW Asian countries out of poverty like Yemen. They have 80% of the population of Saudi Arabia yet they have less than 1% of the oil. 

  1. How does Islam influence life in SW Asia?

Islam has affected SW Asia by connecting them to other countries and bringing an elaborate system of beliefs and rituals.


Chapter 27: Monsoons in South Asia 

Key Terms:

Atmospheric Pressure: The weight of the atmosphere pressing down on any point of the surface of the Earth. Air sinks in high pressure areas lead to not many clouds and air rises in low pressure areas to create lots of clouds and rain.

Monsoon: A seasonal wind, summer monsoon winds in South Asia bring rain to this region.

Orographic Effect: The precipitation that occurs when moist air rises up the side of a mountain.

Rain Shadow: A dry area on the downwind side of a mountain.


  1. Why might primate cities be considered at significant risk of rising sea levels and monsoon flooding?

Primate cities might be considered at a significant risk because they are usually near the coast in India.

  1. What is a rain shadow and what conditions must people who live in them adapt to?

People who live in rain shadow store water from when it rains to adapt.

  1. Why are monsoons beneficial?

Monsoons are beneficial because they give needed rain.

  1. How can monsoons threaten communities?

Monsoons can threaten communities by giving too much rain and leading to flooding.

  1. How does Hinduism influence life in Monsoon Asia?

Hinduism influenced life in Monsoon Asia by bringing an elaborate system of beliefs and rituals.


Case Studies: Four Cities in South Asia Chart

City

Climate in this city:

Effects of living in this climate:

Adaptations to living in this climate:

Dhaka, Bangladesh (24°N, 90°E)

Tropical Wet

Floods can destroy property and take lives.

Structures are built on stilts to prevent flood damage.

Jodhpur, India

(26°N, 73°E)

Semiarid

Droughts are common.

People raise livestock in addition to crops.

Kolkata, India

(23°N, 88°E)

Tropical Wet and Dry

Farmers get needed water for dry fields.

Rickshaws carry passengers through flooded streets.

Pune, India

(19°N, 74°E)

Tropical Wet and Dry

Only 29 inches of rain falls in a year.

Cloud seeding is used to help bring rain.

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Chapter 32: Globalization and the Global Sneaker

Key Terms:

Economic Interdependence: A condition in which countries have strong economic ties and depend on other countries for trade

Free Trade: The flow of goods and services across national borders with very little or no government interference

Globalization: The development of global, or worldwide, society in which people, money, goods flow freely through international borders

Multinational Corporation: A large company that has operations in more than one country


  1. Why is our world globalized today?

The world is globalized today because it connects countries with other countries that might have the materials they need.

  1. What are the benefits of globalization?

Globalization can lead to materials ending up in a country without them naturally having it.

  1. Why aren’t sneakers (and clothes, phones, etc.) usually designed and produced in the same places present day? In other words, why do American companies like Nike outsource to Asian countries for production of goods?

They outsource to other countries because the labor there is cheaper. For example, they can pay less per hour in China than they can in the US.

  1. How does this Chapter relate to Chapter 24: Oil in Southwest Asia?

Oil in SW Asia relates to Chapter 32 because oil gets transported around the world like the global sneaker.


Chapter 35: Antarctica - Researching Climate Change

Key Terms:

Biome: A very large ecosystem such as a desert, forest, wetland, or grassland. Each biome is home to its own community of plants and animals.

Ice Shelf: A large, floating sheet of ice that is attached to the coast. Ice shelves extend out to sea for hundreds of miles.

Greenhouse Effect: The process by which gasses in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun and keep it close to Earth’s surface.

Global Warming: The slow increase of the temperature of the Earth’s surface over time.

Climate Change: The process by which the climate of the Earth changes.


  1. What do you know about the polar regions - the Arctic and Antarctic?

Arctic has lots of little islands, people living there (Greenland and Iceland), and polar bears,

Antarctic has a big island, no population, and penguins

  1. How can we compare the polar regions?

We can compare the polar regions by looking at their climates, vegetation, and wildlife.

  1. How might global warming affect the environment in the world’s coldest places, what about `other places as well?

The world's coldest places might slowly get hotter and the icebergs might melt. Other places might get even hotter.

  1. What evidence could someone point to that supports global warming?

Some evidence that supports global warming is that greenhouse gasses are warming up the world.

  1. What evidence could someone point to that casts doubts on global warming?

Some evidence that casts doubt on global warming is that the Earth gets warmer and colder during its lifetime.