Employee Selection and Placement Summary
Personnel Selection
- Process where organizations decide who joins.
- Starts with recruitment, reduces candidates to the best.
- Ends with placing selected individuals in jobs.
Selection Process Steps
- Screening applications and résumés.
- Testing and reviewing work samples.
- Interviewing candidates.
- Checking references and background.
- Making a selection.
Strategic Approach
- Selection supports job descriptions.
- Identifies candidates with necessary KASOs (knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics).
- Requires measuring the effectiveness of selection tools.
Practical Value and Utility
- Validity, reliability, and generalizability add value.
- Cost should be less than benefits.
- Utility: economic value exceeds cost.
Legal Standards
- Must conform to laws.
- Civil Rights Act of 1964 and 1991.
- Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967.
- Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991.
Consequences of a Bad Hire
- Lost productivity.
- Lower morale.
- Recruiting/training expenses.
- Worsened client relations.
- Lower sales.
- Application Forms: Low-cost, standard data collection (contact info, experience, education).
- Background Checks: Increasingly common; internet facilitates searches for convictions.
Employment Tests
- Aptitude tests: assess learning potential.
- Achievement tests: measure existing skills.
Types of Employment Tests:
- Cognitive Ability Tests
- Job Performance Tests
- Personality Inventories
- Work Samples
- Medical Examinations
- Physical Ability Tests
- Drug Tests
- Honesty Tests
Five Major Personality Dimensions
- Extroversion: Sociable, assertive.
- Adjustment: Emotionally stable.
- Agreeableness: Courteous, cooperative.
- Conscientiousness: Dependable, organized.
- Inquisitiveness: Curious, imaginative.
Rules for Administering Drug Tests
- Systematic administration.
- Use for safety-sensitive jobs.
- Report results with appeal information.
- Respect privacy.
Interviewing Techniques
- Nondirective Interview
- Behavior Description Interview
- Structured Interview
- Situational Interview
Interviewing Effectively
- Be prepared.
- Put applicant at ease.
- Ask about past behaviors.
- Listen.
- Take notes.
- Inform candidate about next steps.
How Organizations Select Employees
- Multiple-Hurdle Model: Eliminates candidates at each stage.
- Compensatory Model: High score in one area compensates for low score in another.
Communicating the Decision
- Offer includes: job responsibilities, work schedule, pay rate, start date, other details.