RNA

Key Notes

What You Will Learn

• Differences between RNA and DNA

• Types of RNA and their functions

How is RNA Different from DNA?

• RNA is single-stranded, while DNA is double-stranded

• RNA contains ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose

• RNA has uracil (U) instead of thymine (T)

Types of RNA and Their Functions

1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) – Copies genetic instructions from DNA and carries them to the cytoplasm

2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – Helps form ribosomes, where proteins are assembled

3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) – Brings amino acids to ribosomes for protein synthesis

Summary

• RNA differs from DNA in structure, sugar composition, and nitrogen bases

• Three types of RNA (mRNA, rRNA, tRNA) are essential for protein synthesis