Study Notes on Multimodal Texts and Information Sources

Multimodal Texts (Tekstong Multimodal)

  • Definition of Creation and Production (Paglikha):

    • Creation is defined as the building, composition, and/or production of oral, written, printed, or digital forms combined together to address and fulfill various needs across different academic and practical disciplines.

  • Definition of Multimodal:

    • Multimodal refers to the use or integration of styles involving two or more modes of communication simultaneously.

  • Core Modes and Elements of Communication:

    • Images (Imahen): Visual graphic components and pictorial representations.
    • Actions and Gestures (Kilos): Physical movements, body language, and non-verbal signals.
    • Music (Musika): Auditory elements, soundscapes, and musical compositions.
    • Spoken and Written Language (Pasalita at/o Pasulat na Wika): Oral communication and written textual language.

Secondary Sources of Information (Hanguang Sekundarya)

  • Overview of Secondary Sources:

    • Secondary sources process, summarize, analyze, evaluate, or synthesize information derived from primary or original works.

  • Reference Books and Works:

    • Dictionaries (Diksyonaryo)
    • Encyclopedias (Ensayklopidya)
    • Yearbooks (Taunang-aklat / Yearbook)
    • Almanacs (Almanac)
    • Atlases (Atlas)

  • Periodicals and Published Articles:

    • Journal articles (Artikulo sa Journal)
    • Magazine articles (Artikulo sa Magasin)
    • Newspaper articles (Artikulo sa Pahayagan)
    • Newsletters (Artikulo sa Newsletter)

  • Academic Research and Feasibility Papers:

    • Theses (Tisis)
    • Dissertations (Disertasyon)
    • Feasibility studies (Pag-aaral ng Pisibiliti), regardless of whether they are published or unpublished

  • Institutional, Technical, and Supplementary Documents:

    • Monographs (Monograpo)
    • Manuals (Manwal)
    • Pamphlets or leaflets (Polyeto)
    • Manuscripts (Manuskrito)
    • Other related printed or written materials (Iba pa)

Electronic Sources of Information (Hanguang Elektroniko)

  • Nature and Characteristics:

    • Driven by modern technology, electronic sources constitute the fastest medium for accessing and gathering information.
    • Electronic sources can function as either primary or secondary sources, provided the information is accessed over the internet or utilizes digital platforms.

  • Evaluation Framework: The CRAP Test:

    • It is vital to exercise extreme caution when utilizing electronic sources, as not all information accessible on the internet is true or accurate.
    • Web-based information must be carefully evaluated using the CRAP Test framework:
    • Currency (Panahon): Examining the timeframe, publication date, recency, and timeliness of the information.
    • Reliability (Katotohanan): Verifying the truthfulness, accuracy, completeness, and factual integrity of the content.
    • Authority (Awtoridad): Confirming the credentials, expertise, reputation, and authority of the author, publisher, or hosting platform.
    • Purpose (Layunin): Determining the core objective, intention, motivation, or potential bias behind the creation and publication of the content.

  • Examples of Electronic Sources:

    • Online databases and digital libraries (Online database at digital libraries / Onlayn laybra)
    • Official government websites ending in the .gov domain extension
    • Official educational institution websites ending in the .edu domain extension
    • Official organization websites ending in the .org domain extension
    • E-books (Mga e-book)
    • Online journals (Online journals)
    • General websites (Mga website)
    • Online discussion forums (Onlayn forum)
    • Social media platforms (Social media): Must be evaluated with extra care and rigor before being utilized or cited as a reliable source of information.