EXS-210

Chapter 1: Professions Under the EXS Umbrella

  • EXS Fields: Includes Exercise Physiology, Clinical Exercise, Nutrition, Psychology, Biomechanics, Athletic Training, Sports Medicine.

Health Statistics

  • Leading Causes of Death:

    • Heart Disease

    • Cancer

  • Morbidity: The state of being diseased.

  • Mortality: Refers to death rates and likelihood of death.

Exercise Science Overview

  • Definition: The study of various aspects of physical activity, exercise, and athletic performance with emphasis on physical movement.

  • American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM): A primary organization in the field of exercise science.

Nervous System Components

  • Groupings:

    • Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain and Spinal Cord

    • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Everything else

  • Neurons:

    • Types:

      • Sensory Neurons: Carry impulses from senses to CNS (e.g., skin, pain).

      • Motor Neurons: Carry impulses away from CNS to skeletal muscles, facilitating movement.

      • Afferent Neurons: Carry sensory input to the central nervous system from the body.

      • Efferent Neurons: Carry motor commands from CNS to the muscles.

Clinical Exercise Physiology

  • Clinical Exercise Physiologist: Focus on exercise and its medical aspects.

  • Autonomic Nervous System: Functions involuntarily, regulating actions such as heart rate and digestion.

  • Somatic Nervous System: Controls voluntary muscle movements.

Errors in Testing

  • False Negative: Incorrectly indicates that a condition is not present when it actually is.

  • False Positive: Incorrectly states that something is true when it is not.

Qualities of Research

  • Best Qualities: Systematic reviews provide robust conclusions.

  • Worst Qualities: Expert opinions have the least reliable validity.

  • Peer Reviewed: Research that has undergone rigorous review by experts in the same field, ensuring quality and accuracy.

Nervous System Functionality

  • Central Nervous System:

    • Includes the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing and transmitting information.

  • Motor Impulses: Impulses away from the brain to muscles facilitating movement.

  • Sympathetic Nervous System: Handles 'fight or flight' responses during stress.

  • Parasympathetic Nervous System: Responsible for rest, digestion, and recovery.%