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STM (Short-Term Memory)

• STM is an active store, essential for immediate information processing.

• It actively works while receiving information, enabling real-time analysis and response.

• Different components:

  • Visuospatial Sketchpad

    • Visual cache: Stores visual information, such as colors and shapes.

    • Innerscribe: Stores spatial information, including location and movement.

  • Central Executive (CE)

    • Processes incoming information, acting as a control system.

    • Allocates slave systems to tasks, determining which system handles specific information.

    • Limited attention capacity, requiring careful resource management.

  • Episodic Buffer

    • Combines information from all 5 senses to create episodes or events, integrating sensory experiences.

  • Phonological Loop

    • Primary acoustic store (PAS)

      • Stores auditory and verbal information temporarily.

      • Information is presented acoustically, retaining sound-based data.

      • Holds for 1-2 seconds and transfers to LTM (Long-Term Memory) to create episodic memory, facilitating long-term storage.

    • Articulatory process

      • Rehearses information from PAS, maintaining it through repetition to prevent decay.

      • Limited capacity, affecting the amount of information that can be rehearsed.

Visuospatial Sketchpad

• Handles visual and spatial information, crucial for navigation and visual problem-solving.

• Visual Cache: Stores visual data, such as object details.

• Inner Scribe: Retains spatial details, including movement sequences.

Central Executive

• Processes incoming information, like a supervisor, directing cognitive operations.

• Allocates resources to the slave systems for task completion, optimizing cognitive efficiency.

• Has a limited capacity for attention, necessitating strategic resource allocation.

Episodic Buffer

• Combines information from various senses to create integrated episodic memories, forming cohesive experiences.

Phonological Loop

• Primary Acoustic Store (PAS):

  • A temporary storage system for auditory information, retaining sound-based input.

  • Information is stored acoustically, preserving auditory characteristics.

  • Brief duration of 1-2 seconds; transfers info to Long-Term Memory (LTM) to facilitate episodic memory formation, enabling long-term retention.