Fungemia =

= an infection by fungi of the brain, kidneys, and other organs

Mycotoxicoses =

= Fungal toxins usually caused by ingesting or inhaling fungal spores (toxins)

Pneumocystis pneumonia =

= the most prominent opportunistic fungal infection in AIDS patients that forms secretions in the lungs that block breathing and can be fatal

Thermal dimorphism =

= These fungal organisms grow as molds at 30°C and as yeasts at 37°C

Candida albicans =

= Forms an off-white, pasty colony with a yeasty odor; thrush

tinea cruris =

= Ringworm of groin/"jock itch"

Opportunistic fungal pathogen =

= fungi with little or no virulence except when host defenses must be impaired; a medical concern because they account for 10% of all nosocomial infections

tinea capitis =

= Ringworm of scalp

Cutaneous mycoses =

= involve fungal infections of the stratum corneum and occasionally the upper dermis

Cryptococcus =

= a common opportunistic fungal encapsulated yeast pathogen that inhabits soil around pigeon roosts

Trichomonas =

= inhabits the human urogenital tract; a top STD that produces a thin, "milky" discharge in males and a foul-smelling, green-to-yellow discharge in females

trophozoite =

= the active feeding cell

Plasmodium =

= (Malaria) an obligate intracellular sporozoa found in female Anopheles mosquito saliva; a feeding

Giardia =

= a protozoan ingested with water and food where cysts enter duodenum, germinate, travel to jejunum to feed and multiply; severe diarrhea, and abdominal pain; reservoirs include beavers, cattle, coyotes, cats, and humans

Hemoflagellates =

= Obligate parasites that live in blood and tissues of the human host and cause life-threatening and debilitating zoonoses; spread by blood-sucking insects that serve as intermediate hosts

Entamoeba histolytica =

= Humans are the primary hosts where cysts are swallowed and arrive at the small intestine and digestive juices stimulate the release of four trophozoites which attach, multiply, actively move about and feed in the intestines; may secrete enzymes that dissolve tissues and penetrate deeper layers of the mucosa causing dysentery, abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss

Cryptosporidium =

= Causes an intestinal disease due to contaminated water where ingestion of oocysts gives rise to an infective form that penetrate intestinal cells; Causes gastroenteritis, headache, sweating, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea

Ascaris lumbricoides =

= A large intestinal roundworm mostly in the southeastern US; ingested eggs hatch into larvae and burrow through the intestine into circulation and travel to the lungs and pharynx and are swallowed back for the adult worms to complete the cycle in intestines and reproduce around 200,000 eggs/day

definitive host =

= the host in which the sexual reproduction of a parasite takes place

intermediate host =

= a host which is normally used by a parasite in the course of its life cycle and in which it may multiply asexually but not sexually

Taenia saginata =

= Beef tapeworm Very large, up to 2,000 proglottids eating raw beef in which the larval form has encysted; symptoms are vague abdominal pain and nausea or noticeable proglottids seen in stool

Not studied (67)

You haven't studied these terms yet!

Select all 67

Subcutaneous mycoses =

= occur after a puncture wound has introduced a fungus deeper into the hypodermis

tinea pedis =

= Ringworm of foot/ "athlete's foot"

Systemic mycoses =

= the fungus disseminates from the lungs or other sites into the circulation throughout the body

tinea unguium =

= Ringworm of nails

Superficial mycoses =

= consist of extremely shallow epidermal colonizations of fungi

Helminths =

= worms

Leishmaniasis =

= a zoonosis transmitted among mammalian hosts by female sand flies that require a blood meal to produce eggs; can be cutaneous with a localized ulcerated sore, chronic, or systemic with high, intermittent fever and weight loss, enlarged spleen, liver, and lymph nodes

cyst =

= a resting or dormant stage of a protist that helps the organism to survive in unfavorable environmental conditions

Trypanosoma brucei =

= (African sleeping sickness) spread by tsetse flies that inoculates the skin with infective stage, multiplies in blood and damages spleen, lymph nodes, and brain; can cause (CNS) damage and progressive symptoms are sleep disturbances, tremors, paralysis, and coma/death

Taenia solium =

= Pork tapeworm ingesting encysted larvae or eggs larva that migrate to all tissues and encystMost damaging if they lodge in the heart, eye, or brain

Nematodes =

= Roundworms