History of Forensic science and crime scene investigation

what is forensic science

  • it is the application of sciences (such as physics, chemistry, biology, computer sciences, and engineering) to matters of law

forensic science timeline

  • Mathieu Orfila founded the science of toxicology

  • toxicology deals with poisons/substances/medication and their interaction with the body

  • Alphonse Bertillon developed the techniques and instruments that would measure the features of an individual that would not change

Karl Landsteiner- discovered human blood grouping which was used on blood stains.

Leone Lattes- developed the procedure that allowed dried blood stains to be resorted and grouped into blood types.s

John Larson- invented the polygraph.ph

Calvin Goddard- In 1926 he created the Bureau of Forensic Ballistics. Comparing firearms by identifiable markings left by rifling grooves, firing pins, or extractor claws of fired bullets and cartridge cases

Albert S Osborn- Founded the American Society for questioned document examiners, in 1942.

Kary B. Mullis- discovered and invented the process of PCR. This allowed small parts of DNA to be multiplied many times in a short period. DNA identification was forever changed after this process because it made it easier and more defined to find the person the DNA belongs to invented

Britain Forensics Science Service began providing online footwear coding and detection which allows detectives to match foodprints much easier, in 2007.

AI is being successfully utilized in forensic components of criminal cases. AI finds application In various aspects, such as comparing fingerprint data, analyzing crime scenes, and financing construction from photograph comparison

Edmund Locard- Locards pricile holds the perpetrator of a crime will bring something into the crime scene and leave with something from it. One limitation is that not all contact leaves a trace.

Francis Galton- developed a study of minutiae in prints that provided the foundation for meaningful comparisons of different prints, and he was able to construct a statistical proof of the uniqueness, by minutiae, of individual prints. Galton also provided the first workable fingerprint classification system

William Bass- research on human decomposition launched a revolution in forensic science. Bass is the creator of the "Body Farm”the world’s first laboratory for decomposition research