Condensed TNCT Notes

Trends

  • idea that has existed for a long period of time

  • has a long-term impact on society

  • evolves into something useful to society

  • is sustainable and innovative

  • changes with the times

  • seen in all different industries

  • examples:

    • Remote Work

    • Use of AI

    • Internet

    • Smartmatic

      • automation of elections

Fads

  • a sudden boost in popularity

    • comes from the excitement or novelty of a product, service, or idea

  • short-lived

    • hard to capitalize/make money on in the long run

    • will only make you lose money in reality

  • mistaken for a trend

  • examples

    • pokemon go

    • fidget spinners

    • atkins diet

Democracy

  • direct democracy

    • individuals are directly involved

    • no third-parties

  • indirect democracy

    • individuals elect a representative

    • third-parties are involved

    • happened bc of population growth

      • became impractical for everyone to be involved

  • benefits of democracy

    • protection of well-being, quality of life, and rights

    • basic social services

  • manga carta

    • all citizens should be equally ruled by the law

    • everyone is equal in the eyes of the law (wow)

  • characteristics

    • respect for human rights

      • political tolerance

        • respect other political views as long as it doesn’t interfere with human rights

    • democratic voting system

      • characteristics

        • everyone can vote

        • happens at certain times

        • free and fair

        • majority rule

    • respect for law

    • democratic governance

      • checks and balance doctrine

      • should be transparent, responsive, effective, efficient, and accountable

    • citizen participation

  • importance of democracy

    • citizens can decide their future

    • leaders can be held accountable

    • citizen contribute to nation-building and transformation

Democratic Interventions

  • democratic practices

    • right to vote

    • freedom of speech

    • 3 branches of government

    • transparency and accountability

    • multi-party system

    • freedom of assembly

    • local autonomy

      • local entities have certain liberties

    • minority rights

    • majority rule

  • undemocratic practices

    • violation of human rights

    • ejk

  • separation of church and state

    • state cannot favor a certain church

    • churches can’t favor a certain state leader

ICT

  • information communication technology

    • information

      • facts discovered by reading, research, study, or analysis

      • enables us to accomplish goals and make decisions

      • example

        • forecasting the weather or natural disasters and using that info to inform citizens

    • communication

      • transmission of signs, symbols, or words to spread information

  • anything digital can be considered ICT

    • data, internet access, cloud computing, software, hardware, etc.

  • seen as the 4th industrial revolution

    • changed the way we live and work

      • business processes cheaper

      • provides new market opportunities

      • readily available information

  • there will always be some issues surrounding it through