CNA knowledge exam

Term	Definition
Abandonment	Leaving a resident unattended
Abuse	Physical, sexual, or emotional harm
Advocate	Person who defends another
Assault	Threat or attempt to injure someone
Battery	Unlawful physical contact
Confidential	Personal information kept private
Consent	Permission given voluntarily
Ethics	Moral duties and obligations
Ethical	Relating to moral principles
False Imprisonment	Unjustified detention of a person
Invasion of Privacy	Revealing private information without consent
Legal	Relating to law
Libel	Written false statement damaging reputation
Malpractice	Improper treatment causing injury
Neglect	Failure to provide necessary care
Negligence	Failure to act with reasonable care
Privileged Communication	Private resident information shared with caregivers
Slander	Spoken false statement damaging reputation

Term	Definition
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)	Daily self-care activities
Admission	Checking a resident into a facility
Assessment	Evaluating resident needs and abilities
Care Plan	Individualized plan of care
Competency	Ability to properly perform a task
Diagnosis (DX)	Identification of a disease or condition
Discharge	Resident leaves facility
Evaluate	Determine effectiveness of care
Nursing Process	8-step problem-solving method
Objective	Way to reach a goal
Priority	What should be done first
Rehabilitation	Restoring highest level of function
Resident	Person receiving care
Restorative Nursing	Helping residents achieve maximum independence
Strategy	A plan or method

Term	Definition
Asepsis	Absence of germs
Aseptic	Free of microorganisms
Bacteria	Single-celled organisms that may cause disease
Contaminated	Exposed to germs
Germ	Microorganism
Infection	Invasion of disease-causing organisms
Inflammation	Tissue reaction to injury
Microorganism	Microscopic living thing
Nosocomial Infection	Infection acquired in facility
Pathogens	Disease-causing microbes
Sterile	Free of all germs
Terminal Disinfection	Thorough cleaning after precautions end
Toxin	Poisonous substance
Tuberculosis	Lung infection caused by bacteria

Term	Definition
Abduction	Move away from midline
Adduction	Move toward midline
Ambulation	Walking
Ambulatory	Able to walk
Dangle	Sit on edge of bed
Eversion	Turn outward
Extension	Straightening
External Rotation	Rotate away from body
Flexion	Bending
Hyperextension	Excessive extension
Internal Rotation	Rotate toward body
Inversion	Turn inward
Passive ROM	Staff moves joints
Active ROM	Resident moves joints
Active-Assistive ROM	Resident moves with assistance
Pronation	Turn downward
Range of Motion (ROM)	Extent of joint movement
Rotation	Circular movement
Supination	Turn upward
Supine	Lying on back
Transfer	Move from one place to another

Term	Definition
Anti-embolism Stockings	Elastic stockings preventing clots
Call Bell	Button to summon help
Call Light	Light alerting staff
Call System	Resident assistance signaling system
Foot Board	Supports foot positioning
Foot Cradle	Lifts sheets off feet
Gait Belt	Belt used for transfers/ambulation
TED Hose	Elastic stockings reducing clots
Physical Restraint	Device restricting movement

Term	Definition
Apical Pulse	Pulse heard at heart apex
Blood Pressure	Force of blood against artery walls
Body Temperature	Body heat measurement
Bradycardia	Pulse below 60 bpm
Diastolic Pressure	Bottom BP number
Febrile	Having a fever
Fever	Elevated body temperature
Hypotension	Low blood pressure
Hypertension	High blood pressure
Hypothermia	Low body temperature
Pulse	Heartbeat felt in artery
Pulse Rate	Number of beats per minute
Respirations	Breathing in and out
Sphygmomanometer	Blood pressure cuff
Stethoscope	Instrument used to listen to body sounds
Systolic Pressure	Top BP number
Tachycardia	Pulse above 100 bpm
Temperature	Measure of body heat
Vital Signs	TPR & BP

Term	Definition
Acute	Rapid onset, short duration
Chronic	Long-term condition
Arthritis	Joint inflammation
Atherosclerosis	Fat deposits in arteries
Arteriosclerosis	Hardening of arteries
Cataract	Clouding of eye lens
CHF	Heart unable to pump effectively
Diabetes	Insufficient insulin production
Emphysema	Chronic lung disease
Gangrene	Death of tissue
Glaucoma	Increased eye pressure
Heart Attack (MI)	Blocked artery in heart
Osteoporosis	Loss of bone density
Pneumonia	Lung infection
TIA	Temporary stroke-like episode

Term	Definition
Agitation	Restless or disruptive behavior
Agnosia	Cannot recognize familiar objects
Alzheimer's Disease	Progressive memory disorder
Aphasia	Difficulty using/understanding language
Apraxia	Cannot perform learned movements
Catastrophic Reaction	Overreaction to circumstances
Combativeness	Aggressive behavior
Confusion	Disorientation
Delirium	Sudden reversible confusion
Dementia	Progressive cognitive decline
Disorientation	Confusion about person/place/time
Hallucination	Sensing things not present
Paranoia	Unreasonable suspicion
Reality Orientation	Reorienting resident to reality
Sundowning	Increased confusion at night
Validation Therapy	Accepting resident's feelings and reality
Wandering	Aimless walking

Term	Definition
Bladder	Stores urine
Bowel Movement (BM)	Passage of stool
Catheter	Tube draining urine
Condom Catheter	External male catheter
Constipation	Hard, dry stools
Defecation	Passing stool
Elimination	Removal of body wastes
Foley Catheter	Indwelling urinary catheter
Impaction	Stool stuck in rectum
Incontinent	Cannot control urine
Nocturia	Urinating at night
Retention	Cannot empty bladder
Ureters	Tubes from kidneys to bladder
Urethra	Tube carrying urine out
Urinary Catheter	Tube draining bladder
Urinate/Void	Pass urine

Term	Definition
Anus	Rectal opening
Bowel Obstruction	Intestinal blockage
Colostomy	Artificial opening for stool
Digestion	Breakdown of food
Dysphagia	Difficulty swallowing
Emesis	Vomiting
Esophagus	Tube from throat to stomach
Flatus	Intestinal gas
Peristalsis	Wave-like movement of intestines
Projectile Vomiting	Forceful vomiting
Rectum	Last part of large intestine
Roughage/Fiber	Indigestible plant material aiding bowel movement
Suppository	Medication inserted into rectum/vagina

Term	Definition
Aspiration	Breathing food/fluid into lungs
Bronchi	Main lung air passages
Cheyne-Stokes	Cyclic breathing pattern
Dyspnea	Difficulty breathing
Exhale	Breathe out
Expectorate	Cough up mucus
Inhale	Breathe in
Larynx	Voice box
Pharynx	Throat
Sputum	Material coughed from lungs
Ventilate	Supply air